Creación de Empleo: un Análisis Comparativo entre las Diferentes Estructuras Organizativas de las Empresas Familiares y No Familiares a través del Ciclo Económico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/ejfb.14.2.2024.19241Palabras clave:
Estructura organizativa, Empresa familiar, Empresa no familiar, Ciclo económico, Creación de empleoResumen
Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar el efecto de la propiedad familiar de la empresa y la separación entre propiedad y gestión, en el rendimiento empresarial medido en términos de creación de empleo. Para ello se comparan las diferencias entre empresas familiares y no familiares, así como entre aquellas empresas dirigidas por profesionales externos a la propiedad y aquellas en las que las tareas de dirección son asumidas por los propietarios. Aprovechando la estructura de panel de la muestra, el trabajo se completa con el estudio de la influencia del ciclo económico, en función de las distintas combinaciones de estructura de propiedad y gestión. Una de las principales conclusiones del estudio cuestiona que las empresas familiares superen de forma generalizada a las no familiares en términos de creación de empleo. Aunque esto se aplica a las empresas no profesionalizadas, que representan la mayoría de las empresas familiares, no se observa en las empresas profesionalizadas. Al diferenciar el efecto del ciclo económico en función de sus fases, se observa que, entre las empresas no profesionalizadas, no aparecen diferencias entre empresas familiares y no familiares tanto en la fase recesiva como en la de recuperación. Sin embargo, entre las empresas profesionalizadas, las familiares sufren más los efectos de la fase recesiva y muestran una mayor capacidad de recuperación del empleo en la fase de recuperación.
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