Trabajo Decente en Grandes Empresas Familiares Latinoamericanas: Un Estudio de los Efectos del Control Familiar
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/ejfb.14.2.2024.19826Palabras clave:
Empresa familiar, Trabajo decente, Gobernanza corporativa, Independencia del consejo, América Latina, Concentración accionarialResumen
Este estudio investiga cómo la propiedad y las estructuras de gobernanza familiar influyen en la adopción de prácticas de trabajo decente en empresas familiares cotizadas en América Latina entre 2010 y 2019. El trabajo decente, definido por la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT), incluye condiciones laborales justas, seguridad en el empleo, y protección social, todos aspectos críticos para la dignidad y bienestar de los trabajadores. Este tema es de gran importancia debido a su impacto en el desarrollo económico y social sostenible. El objetivo del estudio es analizar cómo la independencia del consejo, la concentración de la propiedad, la dualidad del CEO y la presencia de CEOs familiares afectan la implementación de prácticas de trabajo decente. Utilizando datos de empresas familiares listadas en bolsas de valores latinoamericanas, se emplearon técnicas estadísticas de análisis de regresión multivariante para evaluar estas relaciones. Los resultados que consideran 432 observaciones muestran que una alta concentración de propiedad familiar favorece la implementación de prácticas laborales éticas y humanas, reflejando los valores de la riqueza socioemocional de la familia. Además, los miembros independientes del consejo desempeñan un papel crucial en la promoción de estas prácticas, mitigando conflictos entre accionistas y equilibrando los intereses de todas las partes interesadas, lo cual beneficia a todos los colaboradores. Este estudio amplía la comprensión de cómo las características específicas de las empresas familiares pueden fomentar la gestión laboral ética en mercados emergentes, proporcionando evidencia empírica valiosa para políticas y líderes empresariales comprometidos con la mejora de las prácticas laborales y la promoción del trabajo decente en estas empresas. Contribuye a la literatura previa al ofrecer una perspectiva latinoamericana sobre la interacción entre la propiedad familiar y la gobernanza corporativa en la promoción del trabajo decente.
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