The ‘Age of the masses’ and the conservative reaction and defense to the advent of the working classes into economic-social and political life: Gustave Le Bon (II)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/rejlss9202420160Keywords:
Mass society, trade union movement, mass democracy, elitist theories, charisma and social and political leadershipAbstract
Gustave Le Bon (1841-1931) is one of those multifaceted and difficult to pigeonhole personalities that proliferated at the end of the 19th century and between the two centuries. He was a sociologist and social psychologist, especially of sociologically oriented social psychology (although he was also a physician, physiologist and hygienist). In fact, he was one of the main founders of social psychology, whose approach was maintained in numerous works, such as Psychology of Crowds, Psychology of Socialism, Psychology of Revolutions, and so on. This new “mass psychology” would confront a new phenomenon of industrial modernity characterized by the emergence of the “multitude” as a human grouping especially prone to irrationality, manipulation of political, union and religious leaders and leaders. Le Bon emphasizes the importance of suggestion and imitation in the irrational behavior of crowds and its social, political and legal consequences. Le Bon has too often been underestimated, and yet it has been claimed that, except for Sorel, and certainly Tocqueville, no French scholar has had an influence equal to that of Le Bon, who wrote books of extraordinary impact in all fields. Le Bon analyzes the mass phenomenon from a positivist and phenomenological approach to the behavior of individuals and groups in mass societies.
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Le Bon, G., Psicología de las multitudes, trad. de J. M. Navarro Palencia, Madrid, Daniel Jorro Editor, 1903 (2ª ed., 1921; 3ª ed. 1929).
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