Construyendo un marco en el desarrollo y creación de circuitos funcionales en el deporte de alto rendimiento una visión desde la fisioterapia: un estudio de reflexión
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/riccafd.2020.v9i3.9996Palabras clave:
deporte de alto rendimiento, entrenamiento funcional, fisioterapia, habilidades físicas, detección de movimiento, entrenamiento de circuito, fuerza, cambio de dirección, sprint, entrenamiento neuromuscularResumen
Introducción En el deporte de alto rendimiento, las habilidades físicas juegan un papel fundamental en el desarrollo de atletas de nivel élite, dichas habilidades pueden ser adaptadas a ciclos de carga específicos con el fin de desarrollar periodos de adaptación y optimización de estas cualidades. En la actualidad, los conceptos de movimiento, evaluación funcional, rehabilitación funcional y entrenamiento funcional han sido los más utilizados en el área deportiva, se realizan adaptaciones específicas de enfoques integrales del movimiento corporal humano basado en factores neuromusculares, sinergias musculares, aprendizaje motor, control motor, fuerza, potencia, velocidad mediada por metodologías de entrenamiento específico. Metodología se realizó un estudio de reflexión basado en una revisión de literatura que tenía como fin describir un marco en el desarrollo y creación de circuitos funcionales de movimiento por habilidad física, se realizó la revisión de evidencia científica en bases de datos como Pubmed, EBSCO, Medline, Scopus, Google académico y con términos DeCS: High Performance Sport, Functional Training, Physical Theraphy, Physical abilities, Movement screening, Circuit Training, strength, Change of direction, Sprint, neuromuscular training Resultados con la evidencia consultada, se realizó una reflexión y un modelo de intervención basado en habilidades como calidad de movimiento, fuerza, potencia, velocidad, cambio de dirección, control neuromuscular, propiocepción y core implementados mediante metodologías funcionales de entrenamiento. Conclusión Se presenta una reflexión sobre metodologías de trabajo funcional en deportistas basados en habilidades específicas del rendimiento deportivo que se incorporan en un modelo de rendimiento basado en evidencia científica específica que pueden ser aplicados mediante circuitos funcionales de movimiento.
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