¿Facilita la sorpresa la detección de la expresión facial de miedo?
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https://doi.org/10.24310/escpsi.18.2.2025.21896Palabras clave:
Emoción, Expresiones faciales, Ira, Miedo, Paradigma de Posner, SorpresaResumen
Las expresiones faciales de sorpresa y miedo comparten similitudes perceptivas que podrían influir en su funcionalidad durante los procesos de detección emocional. Sin embargo, la literatura previa ha mostrado resultados inconsistentes, posiblemente debido a variaciones en factores temporales como los intervalos entre estímulos (SOA). El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo examinar el papel de la expresión de sorpresa en la detección de expresiones amenazantes (miedo e ira), manipulando diferentes SOA (50 ms, 100 ms, 150 ms, 200 ms). Se empleó una tarea modificada de señalización espacial, en la que una expresión facial de sorpresa o neutra se presentaba como clave de orientación, seguida de una expresión objetivo de miedo o ira. Los resultados mostraron que la expresión de sorpresa facilitó la detección del miedo (vs. ira) cuando la clave aparecía en el lado derecho de la pantalla y el SOA era de 50 ms. Estos resultados aportan información al debate sobre la relación entre sorpresa y miedo en los procesos de detección emocional. Sin embargo, el papel modulador de los intervalos temporales en esta relación aún no está del todo claro y requiere ser explorado mediante diseños experimentales más sensibles a efectos sutiles, pero teóricamente relevantes.
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