La funcionalidad, si existe, no deriva de un propósito. Una argumentación desde la biomorfodinámica y la evo-devo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/Contrastescontrastes.v0i0.1164Abstract
RESUMEN
La noción de propósito es inherente a la finalidad (adaptación, función) si se toma ésta como causa principal de las estructuras orgánicas. Éstas surgen a través del desarrollo, que tiene una causalidad propia, sin propósito con respecto al organismo adulto. El desarrollo esta canalizado y sujeto a limitaciones (constraints); por ello, no se alcanzan óptimos adaptativos en general. Sobre tales posibilidades limitadas en variabilidad actúa la selección natural; la modularidad permite combinar selectivamente aspectos independientes, pero siempre dentro de limitaciones. Pueden surgir estructuras no funcionales que llegarán –o no– a constituir exaptaciones, que serán el paso previo a toda adaptación.
PALABRAS-CLAVE
ADAPTACIONISMO, EXAPTACIÓN, CANALIZACIÓN, LIMITACIÓN DE DESARROLLO, MODULARIDAD
ABSTRACT
The notion of design is inherent to finality (adaptation, function) if this last one is taken as the main cause of organic structures. Structures arise throughout development, which has its own causation, decoupled from the design referred to the adult organism. Development is canalized and subjected to constraints; because of this, adaptive optima are not generally reached. Natural selection works on these possibilities of constrained variability; modularity allows the selective combination for independent features, but always within a constrained framework. Nonfunctional structures are expected, which will arrive –or not– to give exaptations, the previous step to any adaptation.
KEYWORDS
ADAPTATIONISM, EXAPTATION, CANALIZATION, DEVELOPMENTAL CONSTRAINTS, MODULARITY
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