Genotypic distribution and allely frecuency of the ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X in colombian young athletes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/riccafd.14.3.2025.21812Keywords:
Elite athlete, GENE ACE, GENE ACTN3, athletic performanceAbstract
Introduction: The genetic variants ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X have been associated with athletic performance in European and Asian populations, but their distribution among Latin American athletes remains understudied. Objective: To determine the allelic frequency of ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X and their relation-ship with pow-er/endurance sports performance. Methods: The study included 62 elite athletes (competing at nation-al/international levels) and 29 healthy controls. DNA was extracted from oral epithelial cells, and genotyping was performed using PCR and electrophoresis. Allelic frequencies were calculated using Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (χ² test, p < 0.05). Results: Significant genotypic differences were observed between athletes and controls. For ACE I/D, the DD genotype was more frequent in athletes (55% vs. 21% in controls; χ², p = 0.006). The ID (31% vs. 58%) and II (14% vs. 16%) genotypes showed less variation. For ACTN3 R577X, the RX genotype predominated in athletes (63% vs. 59%), followed by RR (27% vs. 10%) and XX (10% vs. 31%) (χ², p = 0.895). These findings suggest that the ACE DD genotype may be associated with athletic performance, while the ACTN3 distribution in this population differs from other ethnic groups. Conclusions: The ACE DD genotype may be a relevant marker for power athletes in Colombia, while ACTN3 RX shows a distinct pattern. These results highlight the importance of ethnic context in sports genetics.
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