Introducing group work and professional writing in a British Law School: a practical assignment and students’ perceptions inside the liberal v vocational Law degree dichotomy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/REJIE.2020.v0i22.7906Keywords:
employability skills, group work, professional writing, vocational degrees, liberal degrees, marketisation of Higher EducationAbstract
The requirement of producing employable graduates is arguably well established now in Higher Education. However, academics are resisting the idea of transforming Universities on factories that will deliver work-ready graduates. The dangers of overdoing the employability bid may entail Universities betraying their role of just forming better citizens. In this liberal v vocational degree resistance plane is where we want to situate our assignment, which introduces employability skills. In any case, we back this kind of assignment only as part of a liberal education and being aware of the criticisms that introducing skills brings as a sign of siding with the industry and the government. Our assignment promotes two employability skills to students: group work and professional writing. This project also involved collaboration with professional Careers services and a London based Law firm. The research presented on this paper wanted to identify through our students’ perceptions what they felt about this kind of assignment on the first year of their Law degree. Using qualitative data based on interviews from six focus groups, we were able to analyze the data and discuss the results. Students reflects on the assignment design, the employability skills’ experienced and the subject knowledge applied in practice. The positive outcomes from the data gives encouragement about presenting this activity as a worthwhile project to other tutors that want to embark on the design or adapt assignments, which involve employability skills. Furthermore, as a result of this study we want to commence similar projects in years two and three of the Law degree; in order to help our students to become effective learners, skillful professionals and better people.
Downloads
Metrics
References
BARON, P. and CORBIN, L. (2012) “Thinking like a Lawyer, acting like a Professional: Communities of Practice as a means of Challenging Orthodox Legal Education”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 46, nº 2, pp. 100-119.
BERGER, D. and WILD, C. (2016) “Enhancing student performance and employability through the use of authentic assessment techniques in extra and co-curricular activities (ECCAs)”, in The Law Teacher, DOI: 10/1080/03069400.2016.1201745, p. 10.
BERRY, E. (2007) “Group work and assessment-benefit or burden?”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 41, nº 1, pp. 34-48.
BOOTHBY, C. and SYLVESTER, C. (2017) “Getting the fish to see the water; an investigation into students’ perceptions of learning writing skills in academic modules and in a final year real client legal clinic module”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 51, nº 2, pp. 123-137.
BOURNER, J.; HUGHES, M. and BOURNER (2001) “First-year Undergraduate Experiences of Group Project Work”, in Assessment and Evaluation in H.E, Vol. 26, nº 1, pp. 19-39.
BRADNEY, A. (2003) Conversations, Choices and Chances: The Liberal Law School on the Twenty-First Century. Oxford, Hart Publishing.
BRAUN, V. and CLARKE, V. (2006) “Using Thematic analysis in Psychology”, in Qualitative Research in Psychology, Vol. 3, nº 2, pp. 77-101.
BRAVO, R.; LUCIA-PALACIOS, L. and MARTIN, M.J. (2016) “Processes and outcomes in student teamwork. An empirical study in a marketing subject”, in Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 41, nº 2, pp. 302-320.
BRIGHT, S. (1991) “What, and How, Should We Be Teaching”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 25, nº 1, pp. 11-25.
CANTO-LOPEZ, M. (2018) “New Challenges in the UK Legal Education landscape: TEF, SQE and the Law Teacher”, in Revista Jurídica de Investigación e Innovación Educativa (REJIE Nueva época), nº 18, pp. 11-30.
CLARK, B. (1998) Creating entrepreneurial Universities: Organizational Pathways of transformation (Oxford: Pergamon Press).
CLARKE, S. and BLISSENDEN, M. (2013) “Assessing student group work: is there a right way to do it?”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 47, nº 3, pp. 368-381.
CLINEBELL, S.K. and CLINEBELL, J. (2008) “The Tension in Business Education Between Academic Rigor and Real-World Relevance: The Role of Executive Professors”, in Academy of Management Learning & Education, Vol. 7, nº 1, p. 99.
COATE, K. et al. (2000) Academic and Academic related staff, involvement in the Local, regional and National Economy. London, Association of Law Teachers.
COLLIER, R. (2005) “The Liberal Law School, the Restructured University and the Paradox of Socio-Legal Studies” (Review Article), in the Modern Law Review, Vol. 68, nº 3, pp. 475-494.
CURRIE, J. and NEWSON, J. (1998) (eds.) Universities and Globalization (London, Sage).
DAGILYTE, E. and COE, P. (2014) “Professionalism in Higher Education: Important not only for Lawyers”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 48, nº 1, pp. 33-50.
DEARLOVE, J. (1997) “The Academic Labour Process: From Collegiality and Professionalism to Managerialism and Proletarianisation?”, in Higher Education Review, Vol. 30, nº 1, pp. 56-75.
DONALD, W.E.; BARUCH, Y. and ASLEIGH, M. (2019) “The undergraduate self-perception of employability: human capital, careers advice, and career ownership”, in Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 44, nº 4, pp. 599-614.
GARVIN, J. et al. (1995) “Group projects for first-year university students: an evaluation”, in Assessment and Evaluation in H.E., Vol. 20, p. 279.
GIBBS, G. and SIMPSON, C. (2004) “Conditions under which assessment supports students’ learning”, in Learning and Teaching in Higher Education (I), pp. 3-31.
GULIKES, J.; BASTIANENDS, T. and KIRSHNER, P. (2004) “A five dimensional framework for authentic assessment”, in Educational Technology Research & Development, Vol. 52, nº 3, pp. 67-86.
GUTH, J. and ASHFORD, C. (2014) “The Legal Education and Training Review: Regulating socio-legal and liberal legal education?”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 48, nº 1, pp. 5-19.
HALL, D. and BUZWELL, S. (2013) “The problem of free-riding in group projects: Looking beyond social loafing as reason for non-contribution”, in Active Learning in Higher Education, Vol. 14, nº 1, pp. 37-38.
HAND, J. and SPARROW, C. (2015) ‘Crumbling, creeping or enduring – the foundations of legal knowledge at a time of training reform”, in Amicus Curiae, Vol. winter 2015, nº 104, pp. 10-12.
HANNAFORD, L. (2016) “Motivation in group assessment: a phenomenological approach to post-graduate group assessment”, in Assessment and Evaluation in Higher education, Vol. 42, nº 5, pp. 823-836.
HOLMAN, D. (1995) “The Experience of skill development in first year undergraduates: a comparison of three courses”, in Assessment and Evaluation in Higher education, Vol. 20, nº 3, pp. 261-272.
HOLMES, L. (2013) “Competing perspectives on graduate employability: possession, position or process?”, in Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 38, nº 4, pp. 538-554.
ILGUNAS, K. (2013) Walden on Wheels: On the Open Road from Debt to Freedom. Amazon Publishing.
JACKSON, D. (2015) “Employability skill development in work-integrated learning: Barriers and best practice”, in Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 40, nº 2, pp. 350-367.
KAMAU, C. and SPONG, A. (2015) “A student teamwork induction Protocol”, in Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 40, nº 7, pp. 1273-1290.
KNIGHT, P.T. (2001) “Employability and Quality”, Editorial in Quality in Higher education, Vol. 7, nº 2, pp. 93-95.
KOWALSKI, T. (2010) “Towards a pedagogy for teaching legal writing in Law School Clinics”, in Clinical law Review, Vol. 17, pp. 285-388.
LEONARD, D. (2000), ‘Transforming doctoral studies: competencies and artistry”, in Higher Education in Europe, Vol. 25, nº 2, pp. 181-192.
LILLIS, T. and TURNER, J. (2001) “Student Writing in Higher Education: contemporary confusion, traditional concerns”, in Teaching in Higher Education, Vol. 6, nº 1, pp. 57-68.
LUCAS, U. et al. (2004) “Who writes this stuff? Students’ perceptions of their skills development”, in Teaching in Higher Education, Vol. 9, nº 1, p. 57.
MARANVILLE, D. (2001) “Infusing passion and contest into the traditional curriculum through experiential learning”, in Journal of Legal Education, Vol. 51, nº1, pp. 51-74.
MARKS, M.B. and O’CONNOR, A.H. (2013) “Understanding students’ attitudes about group work: What does this suggest for instructors of business?”, in Journal of Education for Business, Vol. 88, pp. 147-158.
MARTIN, D. and CAMPBELL, B. (1999) “Managing and participating in group discussion: a micro training approach to the communication skill development of students in HE”, in Teaching in Higher Education, Vol. 4, nº 3, pp. 327-337.
MASON, L. and GUTH, J. (2018) (Guest Editors), “Special Issue: From LETR to SQE: Reforming legal education and training in England and Wales”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 52, nº 4, pp. 379-526.
MAYSON, S.W. (1992) “The future of the Legal Profession”, in Nottingham Law Journal, Vol. 1, p. 8.
MELLO, J.A. (1993) “Improving individual member accountability in small group work settings”, in Journal of Management education, Vol. 17, nº2, pp. 253-259.
MORLEY, L. (2001) ‘Producing new workers: Quality, equality and employability in Higher Education”, in Quality in Higher Education, Vol. 7, nº 2, pp. 131-138.
MOORE, T. and MORTON, J. (2017) “The myth of job readiness? Written communication, employability, and the ‘skill gap’ in higher education”, in Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 42, nº 3, pp. 591-609.
MUTCH, A. (1998) “Employability or Learning? Groupwork in Higher Education”, in Education and Training, Vol. 40, nº 2, pp. 50-56.
NICHOLSON, A. (2019) “The value of a law degree”, in The Law Teacher. DOI: 10.1080/03069400.2019.1633117.
NORDBERG, D. (2008) “Group projects: More learning? Less fair? A conundrum in assessing postgraduate business education”, in Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education, Vol. 33, nº 5, p. 491.
PARKER, M. and JARY, D. (1995), “The McUniversity: Organisation, management and Academic Subjectivity”, in Organization, Vol. 1, pp. 319-338.
PRINCE, S. and DUNNE, E. (1998) “Group development: The integration of skills into law”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 32, nº 1, pp. 62-77.
RAI, L. and LILLIS, T. (2013) “Getting it write’ in social work: exploring the value of writing in academia to writing for professional practice”, in Teaching in Higher Education, Vol. 18, nº 4, pp. 352-364.
RIGG, D. (2013) “Embedding employability in assessment: Searching for the balance between academic learning and skills development in law: A case study”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 47 nº 3, pp. 404-420.
RYAN, R.M. and DECI, E.L. (1997) “Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development and well-being”, in American Psychologist, Vol. 55, nº 1, pp. 68-78.
SLAUGHER, S. and LESLIE, L. (1997) Academic Capitalism: Politics, Policies, and the Entrepeneurial University. Baltimore, John Hopkins University Press.
SLEAP, M. and REED, H. (2006) “View of sport science graduates regarding work skills developed at University”, in Teaching in Higher Education, Vol. 11, nº 1, p. 47.
SYMES, C. and MCINTRYRE (2000), Working Knowledge: the New Vocationalism and Higher Education. Buckingham, Open University Press.
TEICHLER, U. (2009) “Internationalisation of Higher education: European experiences”, in Asian Pacific Education Review, Vol. 10, nº 1, pp. 93-106.
THOMASSER, C. and LAPERRIERE, R. (19999) “Faculties under influence: the infeudation of law schools to the legal professions”, in F. Cownie (ed.) The Law School – Global Issues, Local Questions. Routledge.
THORNTON, M. (2001) “The demise of diversity in legal education: Globalisation and the new knowledge economy”, in International Journal of the Legal Profession, Vol. 8, p. 37.
TOMLINSON, M. (2018) “Conceptions of the Value of Higher Education in a Measured Market”, in Higher Education, Vol. 75, pp. 711-727.
TODDINGTON, S. (1994) “Skills, Quality and the Ideologies of Managerialism”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 28, nº 3, pp. 243-257.
TURNER, J., BONE, A. and ASHTON, J. (2016) “Reasons why law students should have access to learning law through a skills-based approach”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 52, nº 1, pp. 1-16.
TURNER, N.K. (2014) “Development of self-belief for employability in HE: ability, efficacy and control in context”, in Teaching in Higher Education, Vol. 19, nº 6, pp. 592-602.
TYMON, A. “The student perspective on employability”, in Studies in Higher Education, Vol. 38, nº 6, pp. 841-856.
WATKINS, D. and CANTO-LOPEZ, M. (2015) “Working with law students to develop legal literacy materials”, in The Law Teacher, Vol. 50, nº 2, pp. 195-208.
WEINSTEING, J. et al. (2013) “Teaching Teamwork to Law Students”, in Journal of Legal Education, Vol. 63, nº 1, pp. 36-64.
WHEELER, S. (2013) “Dangerously, Outrageously, Elitist, - A Solution to Law Graduate Unemployment”, in Journal of Law and Society, Vol. 40, nº 4, p. 670.
WILLIAMS, G. (2003) The Enterprising University: Reform, Excellence and Equity. Buckingham: SRHE/Open University Press.
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Sin perjuicio de lo dispuesto en el Texto Refundido de la Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, aprobado por Real Decreto Legislativo 1/1996, de 12 de abril, y conforme al mismo, los autores/as ceden a título gratuito, de modo no exclusivo y sin límite temporal los derechos para difundir, reproducir, comunicar y distribuir, en cualquier formato actual o futuro (papel o electrónico), a la Universidad de Málaga (UMA), a fin de que sea publicado en REJIE Nueva Época.
Al realizar el envío, el autor declara que el contenido esencial del mismo no ha sido publicado ni se va a publicar en ninguna otra obra o revista mientras esté en proceso de evaluación en REJIE Nueva Época, comprometiéndose en todo caso a comunicar de inmediato al equipo editorial de la revista cualquier proyecto de publicación de dicho texto, y citando expresamente a la revista en el nuevo proyecto.
Todos los contenidos publicados por REJIE Nueva Época están sujetos a la licencia de Creative Commons Reconocimiento 4.0 Internacional, cuyo texto completo se puede consultar en https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
Conforme a la misma, se permite la copia, distribución, comunicación pública, obras derivadas y el uso comercial de los contenidos siempre que la fuente y el autor del texto sean citados Así, cuando el autor/a envía su colaboración está explícitamente aceptando esta cesión de derechos de edición y de publicación.
Es responsabilidad de los autores obtener los permisos necesarios de las imágenes que están sujetas a derechos de autor.