Body shape concern and emotional disturbances in women with eating disorders and low self-esteem

Authors

  • Ruth Asuero Fernández Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos. Universidad de Sevilla Spain
  • María Luisa Avargues Navarro Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos. Universidad de Sevilla Spain
  • Beatriz Martín Monzón Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos. Universidad de Sevilla Spain
  • Mercedes Borda Mas Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos. Universidad de Sevilla Spain

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v5i2.13299

Keywords:

Eating Disorders, Low Self-Esteem, Body Dissatisfaction, Anxiety, Depression, Ideal BMI, Ideal Nutritional State

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate differences in age, nutritional state (Body Mass Index or BMI), anxiety, depression and body dissatisfaction in eating disorder (ED) patients with low, medium and high self-esteem. We also attempted to identify discrepancies between the real and desired nutritional state. A total of 146 women with EDs (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa; DSM-IV-TR criteria) were evaluated. The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) were used as measure-ment instruments. The results showed significant differences between the low, medium and high self-esteem patients regarding anxiety, depression, body dissatisfaction, desired BMI and the relationship between real and desired BMI. The women with low self-esteem presented higher levels of anxiety, depression and body dissatisfaction than the other groups. Furthermore, ED patients with low self-esteem have a stronger desire to achieve their ideal BMI. We suggest including self-esteem techniques in ED prevention and treatment programs in order to decrease anxiety and depression symptoms.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Ahrén-Moonga, J., Holmgren, S. y Klinteberg, B. (2008). Personality Traits and self-Injurious Behabiour in Patients with Eating Disorders. European Eating Disorders Review, 16, 268-275. doi:10.1002/erv.860

American Psychiatric Association (1995). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. (4th ed. revised). Washington CD: Author.

American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. (4th ed. revised). Washington CD: Author.

Beato F. L., Rodríguez, C. T, Belmonte, L. A. y Martínez, D. C. (2004). Risk factor for eating disorders in adolescents: A Spanish community based longitudinal study. European Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 13, 287-294.

Borda, M., Del Río, C., Torres, I. Pérez San Gregorio, M.A. y Avargues, M.L. (2009). Prevención de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) en chicas preadolescentes: Eficacia de un programa multisesión e interactivo en el seguimiento al año. Psicología Conductual, 13, 499-522.

Borda, M., Avargues, M.L., López, A.M., Torres, I., Del Río, C. y Pérez San Gregorio, M.A. (2011). Effects of personality traits on women with eating disorders: Validating a structural model of the mediating effects of self-esteem and perfectionism. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 11, 205-227.

Cash, T.F. y Henry, P.E. (1995). Women’s body-images: The results of a national survey in the USA. Sex Roles, 33, 19-28. doi:10.1007/BF01547933

Cash, T.F. y Hrabosky, J.J. (2004). Treatment of body image disturbances. En J.K. Thompson (Eds.). Handbood of eating disorders and obesity (pp. 515-541). Wiley and Sons.

Cervera, S., Lahortiga, F., Martínez-González, M.A., Gual, P., de Irala-Estevez, J. y Alonso, Y. (2003). Neuroticism and low self-esteem as risk factors for incident eating disorders in a prospective cohort study. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 33, 271-280. doi:10.1002/eat.10147

Cooper, F.J., Taylor, M.J., Cooper, Z. y Fairburn, C.G. (1987). The development and validation of the Body Shape Questionnaire. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 6, 485-494. doi:10.1002/1098-108X(198707)6:4<485::AID-EAT2260060405>3.0.CO;2-O

Del Río, C. (2005). Guía de ética profesional en Psicología Clínica. Madrid: Pirámide.

Del Río, C., Borda, M., Torres, I. y Lozano, J. F. (2002). Conductas de riesgo para el desarrollo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en preadolescentes y adolescentes. Revista de Psiquiatría y Psicología del Niño y del Adolescente, 1, 1-10. www.paidosiquiatría.com/rev

Fairburn, C.G., Cooper, Z., Doll, H. y Welch, S.L. (1999). Risk factors for anorexia nervosa: Three integrated case-control comparisons. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 468-476. doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.5.468

Franco-Paredes, K., Mancilla-Díaz, J.M., Peck, L.D. y Lightsey, O.R. (2008). The eating disorders continuum, self-Esteem, and perfectionism. Journal of Counseling and Development, 86, 184-192. doi:10.1002/j.1556-6678.2008.tb00496.x

Glaubert, R., Rhodes, G., Fink, B. y Grammer, K. (2010). Body dissatisfaction and attentional bias to thin bodies. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 43, 42-49.

Gual, P. Pérez-Gaspar, M., Martínez-González, M.A., La Hortiga, F., De Irala-Estévez, J. y Cervera, S. (2002). Self-esteem, personality, and eating disorders: Baseline assessment of a prospective population-based cohort. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 31, 261-273. doi:10.1002/eat.10040

Herrero, M.J., Blanch, J., Peri. J.M., De Pablo, J., Pintor, L. y Balbuena, A. (2003). A validation study of the hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS) in a Spanish population. General Hospital Psychiatry, 25, 277-283. doi:10.1016/S0163-8343(03)00043-4

Karpowicz, E., Skärsäter, I. y Nevonen, L. (2009). Self-esteem in patients treated for anorexia nervosa. International Journal of Mental Health Nursing, 18, 318-325. doi:10.1111/j.1447-0349.2009.00621.x

Lewis, D. M., y Cachelin, F. M. (2001). Body image, body dissatisfaction, and eating attitudes in mid-life and elderly women. Eating Disorders: The Journal of Treatment and Prevention, 9, 29-39. doi:10.1080/106402601300187713

Martyn-Nemeth, P., Penckofer, S., Gulanick, M., Velsor-Friedrich, B. y Bryant, F.B. (2009). The relationships among self-esteem, stress, coping, eating behaviour and depressive mood in adolescents. Research in Nursing & Health, 32, 96-109. doi:10.1002/nur.20304

Montero, L. y León, O.G. (2007). A guide for naming research studies in Psychology. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 7, 3, 847-862. Raich, R.M., Mora, M., Soler, A., Ávila, C., Clos, I. y Zapater, L. (1996). Adaptación de un instrumento de evaluación de la insatisfacción corporal. Clínica y Salud, 7, 51-66.

Ramos, P., Rivera, F. y Moreno, C. (2010). Diferencias de sexo en imagen corporal, control de peso e Índice de Masa Corporal de los adolescentes españoles. Psicothema, 22, 77-83.

Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.

Ross, M. y Wade, T. (2004). Shape and weight concern and self-esteem as mediators of externalized self-perception, dietary restraint and uncontrolled eating. European Eating Disorders Review, 12, 129-136. doi:10.1002/erv.531

Salaberría, K., Rodríguez, S. y Cruz, S. (2007). Percepción de la imagen corporal. Osasunaz, 8, 171-183.

Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Obesidad (2000). Consenso SEEDO’2000 para la evaluación del sobrepeso y la obesidad y el establecimiento de criterios de intervención terapéutica. Barcelona: Autor.

Sepúlveda, A.R, Botella, J. y León, J.A. (2002). Body-image disturbance in eating disorder: A meta-analysis. Psychology in Spain, 6, 83-95.

Sepúlveda, A.R., Carrobles, J.A., Gandarillas, A., Poveda, J. y Pastor, V. (2007). Prevention Program for disturbed eating and body dissatisfaction in a Spanish University Population: A pilot study. Body Image, 4, 317-328. doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2007.05.001

Schmidt, U.H. (2001). Risk factors for eating disorders. En: C.G. Fairburn & K.D. Brownell (Eds). Eating Disorders and Obesity. A Comprehensive Handbook. (pp. 247-250). New York: The Guilford Press.

Southall, D. y Roberts, J.E. (2002). Attributional style and self-esteem in vulnerability to adolescent depressive symptoms following life stress: A week prospective study. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26, 563-579. doi:10.1023/A:1020457508320

Stice, E. (2002). Risk and maintenance factors for eating pathology: A meta-analytic review. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 825-848. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.5.825

Stice, E., Marti, C.N. y Durante, Sh. (2011). Risk factors of eating disorders: Evidence of multiple risk pathways from an 8-year prospective study. Behavior Research and Therapy, 49, 622-627. doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.06.009

Vázquez, A., Jiménez, R. y Vázquez, R. (2004). Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg: Fiabilidad y validez en población clínica. Apuntes de Psicología, 22, 247-255.

Webster, J. y Tiggemann, M. (2003). The relationship between women’s body satisfaction and self-image across the life span: The role of cognitive control. The Journal of Genetic Psychology, 164, 241–252. doi:10.1080/00221320309597980

Zigmond, A.S. y Snaith, R.P. (1983). The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67, 361-370. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x

Published

2012-09-01

How to Cite

Asuero Fernández, R., Avargues Navarro, M. L., Martín Monzón, B., & Borda Mas, M. (2012). Body shape concern and emotional disturbances in women with eating disorders and low self-esteem. Escritos De Psicología - Psychological Writings, 5(2), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v5i2.13299

Issue

Section

Research Reports