Diferencias de género en la valoración de la intensidad emocional de las expresiones faciales de alegría y tristeza: Género y expresión facial de las emociones

Fernando Gordillo-León; Lilia Mestas-Hernández; Miguel A. Pérez-Nieto; José M. Arana-Martínez

doi:10.24310/espsiescpsi.v14i1.12675

Autores/as

Fernando Gordillo-León Universidad Camilo José Cela España https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9628-3989
Lilia Mestas-Hernández Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza México
Miguel A. Pérez-Nieto Universidad Camilo José Cela España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-3285
José M. Arana-Martínez Universidad de Salamanca España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v14i1.12675

Palabras clave:

Alegría, Intensidad emocional, Sensibilidad, Tristeza

Resumen

Las diferencias de género en el reconocimiento de las emociones podrían deberse a una mayor sensibilidad de las mujeres a las señales sutiles de las expresiones faciales. El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en analizar las diferencias de género en la valoración de los cambios en la intensidad emocional de las expresiones faciales de alegría y tristeza. La muestra estuvo formada por 222 participantes (77.5% mujeres), con edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 30 años. Se utilizaron expresiones faciales ambiguas con diferentes porcentajes de alegría y tristeza (ambigüedad alta: 50%-50%, ambigüedad media: 25%-75%, ambigüedad baja: 0%-100%). Los participantes valoraron en qué grado una expresión ambigua reflejaba mayor intensidad emocional (alegría o tristeza) que una expresión neutra. Las mujeres percibieron mayor intensidad emocional en las expresiones de alegría con ambigüedad media (25% tristeza - 75% alegría) en comparación con los hombres. Además, solo las mujeres percibieron mayor intensidad afectiva en las expresiones de alegría (25% tristeza - 75% alegría) respecto a las de tristeza (75% tristeza - 25% alegría) con ambigüedad media. Se discuten los resultados a partir de la teoría del rol social, y se analizan sus implicaciones dentro del complejo contexto social en el que interaccionan los seres humanos.

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