Hábitos saludables y conductas de riesgo en una muestra de adolescentes de Nicaragua

Yuliana; Arnoldo José González Suárez; Maria del Carmen Losada Berlanga; Kathia Sehtman Tiomno; Jacqueline Abadi Zebede; Juan Carlos García-Cordero

doi:10.24310/jpehm.6.1.2024.20296

Authors

Yuliana
Arnoldo José González Suárez Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of
Maria del Carmen Losada Berlanga Spain
Kathia Sehtman Tiomno Nicaragua
Jacqueline Abadi Zebede Panama
Juan Carlos García-Cordero Spain

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/jpehm.6.1.2024.20296

Keywords:

youth, health, well-being, education

Abstract

Adolescence is a critical stage for developing habits that impact long-term health. This study focused on evaluating healthy habits, risk behaviors, and their relationship with body mass index (BMI) in Nicaraguan adolescents. Factors such as diet, physical activity, substance use, sedentary behavior, and social media use were examined. The RAPHAEL survey (Risk Assessment, Physical Health, Addictions, and Emotional Life) was administered to 233 high school and university students under 18 years old. BMI was calculated and classified according to WHO standards. Statistical analyses were performed to compare variables between groups and assess associations. Overweight and obesity were more prevalent in university students, while high school students reported more time in sedentary activities but also greater physical activity. Both groups showed similar patterns in diet. Considerable alcohol and tobacco consumption was observed in both groups. The findings highlight the need for early interventions to promote healthy habits and prevent overweight and obesity in Nicaraguan adolescents. The relationship between sedentary time, physical activity, and BMI underscores the importance of addressing both aspects together. Alcohol and tobacco use raise concerns about potential long-term health risks and the need for prevention programs. In conclusion, this study provides valuable information on health habits and risk behaviors in Nicaraguan adolescents. The results suggest the implementation of comprehensive health promotion programs in educational settings, focusing on healthy eating, physical activity, substance use prevention, and body weight management. It is crucial to address these factors to improve the health and well-being of adolescents in Nicaragua.

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