Estado nutricional, actividad física, capacidad funcional y factores psicosociales en adultos mayores rurales y urbanos

Andres Castro-Zamora; Norma Borbón-Castro; Silvia Medrano-Mena; Manuel López-Camacho

doi:10.24310/riccafd.14.3.2025.21739

Authors

Andres Castro-Zamora Sonora State University Mexico
Norma Borbón-Castro Universidad Estatal de Sonora Mexico
Silvia Medrano-Mena Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León Mexico
Manuel López-Camacho Universidad Autónoma de Occidente Mexico

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/riccafd.14.3.2025.21739

Keywords:

biopsychosocial factors, functionality, aging, health

Agencies: Program for the Professional Development of Teachers, National System for Comprehensive Family Development, National Institute for Older Adults

Abstract

The objective was to analyze and compare, by area of residence and sex, the nutritional status, physical activity behavior, functional capacity, and psychosocial factors of older adults living in rural and urban areas of northwest Mexico. A total of 267 older adults (≥60 years) of both sexes, residing in four urban and four rural areas in the central and southern regions of Sonora, Mexico, participated. The results indicate significant differences in body composition variables (p < 0.05), cholesterol (p < 0.03), triglycerides (p < 0.01), functional capacity in basic (p < 0.00) and instrumental (p < 0.00) activities, physical activity associated with household tasks (p < 0.00) and free time (p < 0.02), as well as socioeconomic status (p < 0.00). Biopsychosocial factors determine the state of illness and disability in humans, particularly when reaching the third stage of life.

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Author Biographies

Andres Castro-Zamora, Sonora State University

Andrés Aquilino Castro Zamora holds a Bachelor's degree in Human Nutrition and in Sports Training. He also has a Master's degree in High-Performance Sports Training Methodology and a Ph.D. in Physical Culture Sciences. Since 2011, he has served as a professor at the Universidad Estatal de Sonora (UES), within the Bachelor's program in Human Nutrition. He has supervised and co-supervised undergraduate and graduate theses, and is the author and co-author of several scientific articles and book chapters. Additionally, he has participated in numerous national and international conferences.

In the practical field, he has worked as an athletics coach and as a physical trainer in disciplines such as soccer and boxing. Furthermore, he has worked as a private consultant in sports nutrition.

He is currently a founding member of the National College of Professionals in Physical Culture, Physical Education, and Sports Training (A.C.), and serves as the president of the Mexican Institute of Applied Sciences in Sport (INMEXCAD). He is also a member of the National System of Researchers (SNI) and a member of the academic body "Physical Culture Sciences" at UES, where he develops research lines focused on biopsychosocial factors, well-being, and quality of life related to physical activity, sports training, nutrition, and social sports.

Norma Borbón-Castro, Universidad Estatal de Sonora

Norma Angélica Borbón Castro holds a Bachelor's degree in Sports Training from the Centro de Estudios Superiores del Estado de Sonora, a Master's degree in High-Performance Sports Training Methodology from the Universidad Estatal de Sonora, and a Ph.D. in Physical Culture Sciences from the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León.

She has received several professional distinctions, including the "Desirable Profile" recognition granted by the Program for Teacher Professional Development (PRODEP), and is a member of the National System of Researchers (SNII).

Throughout her career, Dr. Borbón Castro has distinguished herself as a university professor, as well as a director and advisor for undergraduate, master's, and doctoral theses. She has served as a speaker and workshop leader at national and international academic events. Her scientific contributions include publishing articles and book chapters. She currently serves as the president of the National College of Professionals in Physical Culture, Physical Education, and Sports Training.

Silvia Medrano-Mena, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León

Silvia Carolina Medrano Mena is a member of the National System of Researchers, holding the Candidate designation since 2022. She has worked as a professor and researcher at the Faculty of Sports Organization at the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), specializing in physical activity, exercise, and quality of life. She holds certifications from the American College of Sports Medicine, Exercise is Medicine Latin America, and the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry (ISAK), Level 1.

She has an extensive background in human capital development, serving as director and co-director of theses in the Master's programs in Physical Activity and Sports for Health Promotion, Master's in Physical Therapy and Sports Rehabilitation, and the Ph.D. in Physical Culture Sciences at UANL.

Since 2020, she has been a member of the scientific committee for the Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio FOD, where she serves as a reviewer. Additionally, she completed an international research stay at the Faculty of Health Sciences at the Universidad Pública de Navarra, in collaboration with the Navarra BIOMED Research Center in Pamplona, Spain, and a national research stay at the Universidad Estatal de Sonora.

Manuel López-Camacho, Universidad Autónoma de Occidente

Academic Training for a Doctorate in Physical Culture Sciences. Member of the Physical Activity, Education and Health Research Group of the Autonomous University of the West (UAdeO). The main current work activity is as a teacher at the bachelor's and master's level, researcher and president of the academy of the educational program of Physical Education and Sports Sciences. In scientific production, developing a line of research on "Health focused on Physical Activity in Older Adults", participation in the publication of articles and book chapters in the area of Physical Activity, Sports and Health. Member of the evaluation committee of the AMEXCO Educational Electronic Magazine and founding member of the Physical Fitness Club for the Elderly (CAFAMEP) as a social initiative and action that helped to face the health emergency situation due to COVID-19 in Mexico, recognized by SECIHTI.

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