Inteligencia emocional y regulación emocional: factores transdiagnósticos claves en problemas emocionales, trastornos de ansiedad y depresión

Celia Antuña Camblor; Antonio Cano-Vindel; Mª Eugenia Carballo; Joel Juarros-Basterretxea; Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Díaz

doi:10.24310/espsiescpsi.v16i1.14771

Authors

Celia Antuña Camblor Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0555-6441
Antonio Cano-Vindel Complutense University of Madrid Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5449-5454
Mª Eugenia Carballo San Carlos Clinical Hospital of Madrid Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7058-8490
Joel Juarros-Basterretxea University of Zaragoza Spain https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7739-5421
Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Díaz University of Oviedo Spain

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v16i1.14771

Keywords:

emotional intelligence, transdiagnostic, emotional disorders, emotional regulation, anxiety, depression

Abstract

Emotional intelligence (EI) has aroused great interest over recent decades in the field of health and well-being. Perhaps one of the most important among its components is emotional regulation (ER), the study of which has also developed as an independent field. The misuse of ER strategies is a factor underlying various mental disorders and has special relevance in the genesis and development of the most prevalent, anxiety and depression; furthermore, it has been discovered that the efficacy of transdiagnostic treatments on these disorders is explained by improvements in ER as a key factor. Therefore, the use of ER in transdiagnostic preventive interventions is proposed to promote physical and mental health.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

References

Aguilera-Martín, Á., Gálvez-Lara, M., Cuadrado, F., Moreno, E., García-Torres, F., Venceslá, J. F., Corpas, J., Jurado-González, F. J., Muñoz-Navarro, R., González-Blanch, C., Ruiz-Rodríguez, P., Barrio-Martínez, S., Prieto-Vila, M., Carpallo-González, M., Cano-Vindel, A., & Moriana, J. A. (2022). Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility evaluation of individual vs. group transdiagnostic psychological treatment for emotional disorders in primary care (PsicAP-Costs): a multicentre randomized controlled trial protocol. BMC Psychiatry, 22(99), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-022-03726-4

Aldao, A., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2012). When are adaptive strategies most predictive of psychopathology? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 121(1), 276–281. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023598

Aldao, A., Gee, D., De Los Reyes, A., & Seager, I. (2016). Emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic factor in the development of internalizing and externalizing psychopathology: Current and future directions. Development and Psychopathology, 28 (4pt1), 927–946. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579416000638

Aldao, A., Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Schweizer, S. (2010). Emotion-regulation strategies across psychopathology: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 30(2), 217–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2009.11.004

Baudry, A.-S., Grynberg, D., Dassonneville, C., Lelorain, S., & Christophe, V. (2018). Sub-dimensions of trait emotional intelligence and health: A critical and systematic review of the literature. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 59(2), 206–222. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12424

Bentley, K. H., Boettcher, H., Bullis, J. R., Carl, J. R., Conklin, L. R., Sauer-Zavala, S., Pierre-Louis, C., Farchione, T. J., & Barlow, D. H. (2018). Development of a Single-Session, Transdiagnostic Preventive Intervention for Young Adults at Risk for Emotional Disorders. Behavior Modification, 42(5), 781–805. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145445517734354

Berking, M., Ebert, D., Cuijpers, P., & Hofmann, S. G. (2013). Emotion Regulation Skills Training Enhances the Efficacy of Inpatient Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 82(4), 234–245. https://doi.org/10.1159/000348448

Cano-Vindel, A. (2011a). Bases teóricas y apoyo empírico de la intervención psicológica sobre los desórdenes emocionales en Atención Primaria. Una actualización. Ansiedad y Estrés, 17(2), 157–184. https://www.ansiedadyestres.es/sites/default/files/rev/ucm/2011/anyes2011a13.pdf

Cano-Vindel, A. (2011b). Los desórdenes emocionales en Atención Primaria. Ansiedad y Estrés, 17(1), 75–97. https://www.ansiedadyestres.es/sites/default/files/rev/ucm/2011/anyes2011a7.pdf

Cano-Vindel, A., & Serrano-Beltrán, M. (2006). Para no enfermar de estrés. Cómo combatir la ansiedad laboral. Recoletos Grupo de Comunicación. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/230577079_Para_no_enfermar_de_estres_Como_combatir_la_ansiedad_laboral

Cano-Vindel, A., Muñoz-Navarro, R., Moriana, J. A., Ruiz-Rodríguez, P., Medrano, L. A., & González-Blanch, C. (2021). Transdiagnostic group cognitive behavioural therapy for emotional disorders in primary care: the results of the PsicAP randomized controlled trial. Psychological Medicine 52(15). 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291720005498

Cano-Vindel, A., Muñoz-Navarro, R., Wood, C. M., Limonero, J. T., Medrano, L. A., Ruiz-Rodríguez, P., Gracia-Gracia, I., Dongil-Collado, E., Iruarrizaga, I., Chacón, F., & Santolaya, F. (2016). Transdiagnostic Cognitive Behavioral Therapy versus treatment as usual in adult patients with emotional disorders in the Primary Care Setting (PsicAP Study): Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Research Protocols, 5(4), e246. https://doi.org/10.2196/resprot.6351

Cassiello-Robbins, C., Southward, M. W., Tirpak, J. W., & Sauer-Zavala, S. (2020). A systematic review of Unified Protocol applications with adult populations: Facilitating widespread dissemination via adaptability. Clinical Psychology Review, 78, 101852-101880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101852

Davoodi, E., Wen, A., Dobson, K. S., Noorbala, A. A., Mohammadi, A., & Farahmand, Z. (2019). Emotion Regulation Strategies in Depression and Somatization Disorder. Psychological reports, 122(6), 2119–2136. https://doi.org/10.1177/0033294118799731

Dixon, M. L., Moodie, C. A., Goldin, P. R., Farb, N., Heimberg, R. G., & Gross, J. J. (2020). Emotion Regulation in Social Anxiety Disorder: Reappraisal and Acceptance of Negative Self-beliefs. Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging, 5(1), 119–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2019.07.009

Euler, S., Nolte, T., Constantinou, M., Griem, J., Montague, P. R., Fonagy, P., & Personality and Mood Disorders Research Network. (2021). Interpersonal problems in borderline personality disorder: associations with mentalizing, emotion regulation, and impulsiveness. Journal of Personality Disorders, 35(2), 177-193. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2019_33_427

Finlon, K. J., Izard, C. E., Seidenfeld, A., Johnson, S. R., Cavadel, E. W., Ewing, E. S. K., & Morgan, J. K. (2015). Emotion-based preventive intervention: Effectively promoting emotion knowledge and adaptive behavior among at-risk preschoolers. Development and Psychopathology, 27(4pt1), 1353–1365. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579414001461

Gagnon, M. M., Gelinas, B. L., & Friesen, L. N. (2017). Mental Health Literacy in Emerging Adults in a University Setting: Distinctions Between Symptom Awareness and Appraisal. Journal of Adolescent Research, 32(5), 642–664. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558415605383

González-Robles, A., García-Palacios, A., Baños, R., Riera, A., Llorca, G., Traver, F., Haro, G., Palop, V., Lera, G., Romeu, J. E., & Botella, C. (2015). Effectiveness of a transdiagnostic internet-based protocol for the treatment of emotional disorders versus treatment as usual in specialized care: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 16(1), 488-503. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-015-1024-3

Gross, J. J. (2015). Emotion Regulation: Current Status and Future Prospects. Psychological Inquiry, 26(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840X.2014.940781

Gross, J. J., & Jazaieri, H. (2014). Emotion, Emotion Regulation, and Psychopathology. Clinical Psychological Science, 2(4), 387–401. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167702614536164

Gutner, C. A., Gallagher, M. W., Baker, A. S., Sloan, D. M., & Resick, P. A. (2016). Time course of treatment dropout in cognitive–behavioral therapies for posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 8(1), 115–121. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000062

Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D. & Wilson, K. G. (2003). Acceptance and commitment therapy, an experiential approach to behavior change. The Guilford Press.

Hervás, G. (2011). Psicopatología de la regulación emocional: el papel de los déficit emocionales en los trastornos clínicos. Psicología conductual, 19(2), 347-372. https://www.behavioralpsycho.com/producto/psicopatologia-de-la-regulacion-emocional-el-papel-de-los-deficit-emocionales-en-los-trastornos-clinicos/

Hu, T., Zhang, D., Wang, J., Mistry, R., Ran, G., & Wang, X. (2014). Relation between Emotion Regulation and Mental Health: A Meta-Analysis Review. Psychological Reports, 114(2), 341–362. https://doi.org/10.2466/03.20.PR0.114k22w4

Kessler, R. C., Sampson, N. A., Berglund, P., Gruber, M. J., Al-Hamzawi, A., Andrade, L., Bunting, B., Demyttenaere, K., Florescu, S., de Girolamo, G., Gureje, O., He, Y., Hu, C., Huang, Y., Karam, E., Kovess-Masfety, V., Lee, S., Levinson, D., Medina Mora, M. E., … Wilcox, M. A. (2015). Anxious and non-anxious major depressive disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys. Epidemiology and Psychiatric Sciences, 24(3), 210–226. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2045796015000189

Kladnistki, N., Black, M., Haffar, S., Joubert, A., & Newby, J. M. (2022). Mediators of symptom improvement in transdiagnostic internet cognitive behavioural therapy for mixed anxiety and depression. Clinical Psychologist, 26(2), 167–180. https://doi.org/10.1080/13284207.2022.2057217

Lannoy, S., Duka, T., Carbia, C., Billieux, J., Fontesse, S., Dormal, V., Gierski, F., López-Caneda, E., Sullivan, E. V., & Maurage, P. (2021). Emotional processes in binge drinking: A systematic review and perspective. Clinical psychology review, 84, 101971. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2021.101971

Levin, R. L., & Rawana, J. S. (2022). Exploring two models of emotion regulation: how strategy use, abilities, and flexibility relate to well-being and mental illness. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 35(6), 623-636. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2021.2018419

Li, N., Li, S., & Fan, L. (2021). Risk Factors of Psychological Disorders After the COVID-19 Outbreak: The Mediating Role of Social Support and Emotional Intelligence. Journal of Adolescent Health, 69(5), 696–704. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.07.018

Martins, A., Ramalho, N., & Morin, E. (2010). A comprehensive meta-analysis of the relationship between Emotional Intelligence and health. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(6), 554–564. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.05.029

Mayer, J. D., & Salovey, P. (1997). What is emotional intelligence? In P. Salovey & D. Sluyter (Eds.), Emotional Development and Emotional Intelligence: Implications for Educators (pp. 3–31). Basic Books.

Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. R. (2008). Emotional intelligence: New ability or eclectic traits? American Psychologist, 63(6), 503–517. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.63.6.503

Mojtabai, R., Stuart, E. A., Hwang, I., Eaton, W. W., Sampson, N., & Kessler, R. C. (2015). Long-term effects of mental disorders on educational attainment in the National Comorbidity Survey ten-year follow-up. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 50(10), 1577–1591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-015-1083-5

Moro?, M., & Biolik-Moro?, M. (2021). Trait emotional intelligence and emotional experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Poland: A daily diary study. Personality and Individual Differences, 168, 110348-110359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2020.110348

Muñoz-Navarro, R., Adrián Medrano, L., González-Blanch, C., Carpallo-González, M., Olave, L., Iruarrizaga, I., Ruiz-Rodríguez, P., Moriana, J. A., & Cano-Vindel, A. (2021). Validity of Brief Scales for Assessing Transdiagnostic Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies in Primary Care Patients With Emotional Disorders. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 37(2), 86–94. https://doi.org/10.1027/1015-5759/a000584

Muñoz-Navarro, R., Cano-Vindel, A., Ruiz-Rodríguez, P., Medrano, L. A., González-Blanch, C., Moriana, J. A., Capafons Bonet, A., & Dongil-Collado, E. (2017). Modelo jerárquico de diagnóstico y derivación de los trastornos mentales comunes en centros de atención primaria. PsicAP. Ansiedad y Estrés, 23(2–3), 124–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anyes.2017.10.002

Muñoz-Navarro, R., Medrano, L. A., Limonero, J. T., González-Blanch, C., Moriana, J. A., Ruiz-Rodríguez, P., & Cano-Vindel, A. (2022). The mediating role of emotion regulation in transdiagnostic cognitive behavioural therapy for emotional disorders in primary care: Secondary analyses of the PsicAP randomized controlled trial. Journal of Affective Disorders, 303, 206–215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.01.029

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). (2022). NIMH strategic plan for research (NIH Publication No. 20-MH-8096). http://www.nimh.nih.gov/about/strategic-planning-reports/index.shtml

Nozaki, Y. (2018). Cross-cultural comparison of the association between trait emotional intelligence and emotion regulation in European-American and Japanese populations. Personality and Individual Differences, 130, 150–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.04.013

Park, C., Rosenblat, J. D., Lee, Y., Pan, Z., Cao, B., Iacobucci, M., & McIntyre, R. S. (2019). The neural systems of emotion regulation and abnormalities in major depressive disorder. Behavioural brain research, 367, 181–188. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2019.04.002

Peña-Sarrionandia, A., Mikolajczak, M., & Gross, J. J. (2015). Integrating emotion regulation and emotional intelligence traditions: a meta-analysis. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 1-27. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00160

Pérez-Sánchez, J., Delgado, A. R., & Prieto, G. (2020). Propiedades psicométricas de las puntuaciones de los test más empleados en la evaluación de la regulación emocional. Papeles del psicólogo, 41(2), 116-124. https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2020.2931

Prefit, A. B., Candea, D. M., & Szentagotai-T?tar, A. (2019). Emotion regulation across eating pathology: A meta-analysis. Appetite, 143, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.104438

Resurrección, D. M., Salguero, J. M., & Ruiz-Aranda, D. (2014). Emotional intelligence and psychological maladjustment in adolescence: A systematic review. Journal of Adolescence, 37(4), 461–472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2014.03.012

Rogier, G., Beomonte Zobel, S., & Velotti, P. (2020). Pathological personality facets and emotion (dys)regulation in gambling disorder. Scandinavian journal of psychology, 61(2), 262–270. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12579

Sakiris, N., & Berle, D. (2019). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the Unified Protocol as a transdiagnostic emotion regulation based intervention. Clinical Psychology Review, 72, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101751

Salovey, P., & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional Intelligence. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 9(3), 185–211. https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG

Sauer-Zavala, S., Gutner, C. A., Farchione, T. J., Boettcher, H. T., Bullis, J. R., & Barlow, D. H. (2017). Current Definitions of “Transdiagnostic” in Treatment Development: A Search for Consensus. Behavior Therapy, 48(1), 128–138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2016.09.004

Schäfer, J. Ö., Naumann, E., Holmes, E. A., Tuschen-Caffier, B., & Samson, A. C. (2017). Emotion Regulation Strategies in Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms in Youth: A Meta-Analytic Review. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 46(2), 261–276. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10964-016-0585-0

Schmitt, J. C., Valiente, R. M., García-Escalera, J., Arnáez, S., Espinosa, V., Sandín, B., & Chorot, P. (2022). Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Subclinical Adolescents: Effects of a Transdiagnostic Internet-Delivered CBT Program. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095365

Schutte, N. S., Malouff, J. M., Thorsteinsson, E. B., Bhullar, N., & Rooke, S. E. (2007). A meta-analytic investigation of the relationship between emotional intelligence and health. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(6), 921–933. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2006.09.003

Sloan, E., Hall, K., Moulding, R., Bryce, S., Mildred, H., & Staiger, P. K. (2017). Emotion regulation as a transdiagnostic treatment construct across anxiety, depression, substance, eating and borderline personality disorders: A systematic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 57, 141–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2017.09.002

Stice, E., Shaw, H., Bohon, C., Marti, C. N., & Rohde, P. (2009). A meta-analytic review of depression prevention programs for children and adolescents: Factors that predict magnitude of intervention effects. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 77(3), 486–503. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015168

Sun, H., Wang, S., Wang, W., Han, G., Liu, Z., Wu, Q., & Pang, X. (2021). Correlation between emotional intelligence and negative emotions of front?line nurses during the COVID?19 epidemic: A cross?sectional study. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 30(3–4), 385–396. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15548

Walker, E. R., McGee, R. E., & Druss, B. G. (2015). Mortality in Mental Disorders and Global Disease Burden Implications. JAMA Psychiatry, 72(4), 334-341. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.2502

Wang, P. S., Angermeyer, M., Borges, G., Bruffaerts, R., Tat Chiu, W., de Girolamo, G., Fayyad, J., Gureje, O., Haro, J. M., Huang, Y., Kessler, R. C., Kovess, V. , Levinson, D., Nakane, Y., Oakley Brown, M. A., Ormel, J. H., Posada-Villa, J., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., … Ustün, T. B. (2007). Delay and failure in treatment seeking after first onset of mental disorders in the World Health Organization’s World Mental Health Survey Initiative. World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 6(3), 177–185. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291708004807