La recuperación de relaciones simples clave-consecuencia es específica del contexto en contextos informativos

Samuel P. León; María J. F. Abad; Juan M.  Rosas

doi:10.24310/espsiescpsi.v2i1.13360

Autores/as

Samuel P. León University of Jaén España
María J. F. Abad University of Jaén España
Juan M. Rosas University of Jaén España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v2i1.13360

Palabras clave:

Efectos de cambio de contexto, extinción, atención, aprendizaje predictivo humano, renovación

Resumen

Se realizó un experimento en aprendizaje predictivo humano con el objetivo de explorar el papel del valor informativo del contexto donde se aprende la información sobre la dependencia contextual de la actuación. Tres grupos de participantes recibieron entrenamiento en una discriminación entre dos claves (X e Y) mientras otra clave (Z) siempre fue seguida de la consecuencia en el contexto A. En el contexto B la discriminación se invirtió en el grupo I (informativo). El grupo NI1 recibió la misma discriminación X-Y en el contexto B, mientras el grupo NI2 no recibió entrenamiento con X e Y en el contexto B. La extinción subsiguiente de Z fue más rápida en el contexto B que en el contexto A en el grupo I, mientras que no se encontraron diferencias entre contextos en los grupos NI1 y NI2. Estos resultados sugieren que los participantes codifican información independiente del contexto como dependiente del mismo cuando los contextos son relevantes para resolver la tarea.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Métricas

Cargando métricas ...

Citas

Abad, M. J. F., Ramos-Álvarez, M. M., & Rosas, J. M (2008). Partial reinforcement and context switch effects in human predictive learning. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. In press.

Baddeley, A. D. (1992). Domains of recollection. Psychological Review, 89, 708-792.

Bonardi, C., Honey, R.C., & Hall, G. (1990). Context specificity of conditioning in flavour-aversion learning: Extinction and blocking tests. Animal Learning and Behavior, 18, 229-237.

Bouton, M. E. (1993). Context, time, and memory retrieval in the interference paradigms of Pavlovian learning. Psychological Bulletin, 114, 80-99.

Bouton, M. E. (1997). Signals for whether versus when an event will occur. In M. E. Bouton & M. S Fanselow (Eds.) Learning, motivation and cognition: The functional behaviourism of Robert C. Bolles (385- 409). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Bouton, M. E., & Bolles, R. C. (1979). Contextual control of the extinction of conditioned fear. Learning and Motivation, 10, 445-466.

Bouton, M. E., & Ricker, S. T. (1994). Renewal of extinguished responding in a second context. Animal Learning & Behavior, 22, 317-324.

Bouton, M. E., & Sunsay, C. (2001). Contextual control of appetitive conditioning: Influence of a contextual stimulus generated by a partial reinforcement procedure. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 54B, 109-125.

Bouton, M. E., & Swartzentruber, D. (1986). Analysis of the associative and occasion-setting properties of contexts participating in a Pavlovian discrimination Journal of experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 12, 333-350.

Darby, R. J., & Pearce, J. (1995). Effects of context on responding during a compound stimulus. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 21, 143-154.

Eich (1985). Context, memory, and integrated item/context imagery. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11, 764-770 Gámez, A. M., & Rosas, J. M. (2005). Transfer of stimulus control across instrumental responses is attenuated by extinction in human instrumental conditioning International Journal of Psycholog y and Psychological Therapy, 5, 207-222.

Gámez, A., M. & Rosas, J. M. (2007). Associations in human instrumental conditioning. Learning and Motivation. 38, 242-261.

García-Gutiérrez, A., & Rosas, J. M. (2003). Context change as the mechanism of reinstatement in causal learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 29, 292-310.

Hall, G., & Honey, R. C. (1989). Contextual effects in conditioning, latent inhibition, and habituation: Associative and retrieval functions of contextual cues. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 15, 232-241.

Hall, G., & Honey, R. C. (1990). Context-specific conditioning in the conditioned-emotional-response procedure. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 16, 271-278.

León, S. P., Abad, M. J. F., & Rosas, J.M. (2008). Giving Contexts Informative Value makes Information Context Specific. Manuscript submitted for publication.

León, S. P., Abad, M. J. F., & Rosas, J.M. (2009). The effect of context change on simple acquisition disappears with increased training. Manuscript submitted for publication.

Myers, C., & Gluck, M. (1994). Context, conditioning and hippocampal re-representation. Behavioral Neuroscience, 108, 835-847.

Nelson, J. B. & Callejas-Aguilera, J. E. (2007). The role of interference produced by conflicting associations in contextual control. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal, behavior Processes, 33, 314-326.

Nelson, J. B. (2002). Context specificity of excitation and inhibition in ambiguous stimuli. Learning and Motivation, 33, 284-310.

Neumann, D. L. (2007). The resistance of renewal to instructions that devalue the role of contextual cues in a conditioned suppression task with humans Learning and Motivation, 38, 105-127.

Paredes-Olay, C., & Rosas, J. M. (1999). Within-subjects extinction and renewal in predictive judgments Psicológica, 20, 195-210.

Pearce, J. M. (1987). A model for stimulus generalization in Pavlovian conditioning. Psychological Review, 94, 61-73.

Pineño, O., & Miller, R. R. (2004). Signalling a change in cue–outcome relations in human associative learning. Learning & Behavior, 32, 360–375.

Preston, G. C., Dickinson, A., & Mackintosh, N. J (1986). Contextual conditional discriminations Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 38B, 217-237.

Rosas, J. M., & Bouton, M. E. (1998). Context change and retention interval have additive, rather than interactive, effects after taste aversion extinction. Psychonomic Bulletin y Review, 5, 79-83..

Rosas, J. M., & Callejas-Aguilera, J. E. (2006). Context Switch Effects on Acquisition and Extinction in Human Predictive Learning. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 32, 461-474..

Rosas, J. M., & Callejas-Aguilera, J. E. (2007). Acquisition of a conditioned taste aversion becomes context dependent when it is learned alter extinction. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 60, 9-15..

Rosas, J. M., Callejas-Aguilera, J. E., Ramos-Álvarez, M. M., & Abad, M. J. F. (2006). Revision of retrieval theory of forgetting: What does make information context-specific? International Journal of Psychology and Psychological Therapy, 6, 147-166..

Rosas, J. M., García-Gutiérrez, A., & Callejas-Aguilera, J. E. (2006). Effects of context change upon retrieval of first and second-learned information in human predictive learning. Psicológica, 27, 35-56..

Rosas, J. M., García-Gutiérrez, A., & Callejas-Aguilera, J. E. (2007). AAB and ABA renewal as a function of the number of extinction trials in conditioned taste aversion. Psicológica, 28, 129-150..

Rosas, J. M., Vila, N. J., Lugo, M., & López, L. (2001). Combined effect of context change and retention interval upon interference in causality judgments. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 27, 153-164.

Thomas, B. L., Larsen, N., & Ayres, J. J. B. (2003). Role of context similarity in ABA, ABC, and AAB renewal paradigms: Implications for theories of renewal and for treating human phobias. Learning and Motivation, 34, 410-436.

Tulving, E., & Osler (1968). Effectiveness of retrieval cues in memory for words. Journal of Psychology, 77, 593-601.