La baja activación emocional en la depresión explicada por el enfoque de la atención motivada
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v5i2.13297Palabras clave:
Depresión, Emoción, Atención, Corteza fronto-parietalResumen
La depresión se ha asociado con baja activación emocional. Los estímulos emocionales de alta activación involucran circuitos corticales que son relevantes para la dirección de la atención hacia estos estímulos. Por lo tanto, se ha plan-teado la hipótesis de que la depresión podría ser caracterizada por un déficit en estos circuitos cerebrales. Esta breve revisión resume como la atención y la emoción están interrelacionados y sugiere que existen mecanismos cerebrales de la emoción y la atención comunes. Por último, se presentan los resultados de una investigación de la depresión, que demuestra que la excitación emocional baja en la depresión podría surgir de un déficit en los circuitos cerebrales de la atención.
Descargas
Métricas
Citas
Amaral, D. G. (1986). Amygdalohippocampal and amygdalocortical projections in the primate brain. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 203, 3-17.
Amaral, D. G., Price, J. L., Pitkaenen, A., & Carmichael, S. T. (1992). Anatomical organization of the primate amygdaloid complex. In J. P. Aggleton (Ed.), The amygdala: Neurobiological aspects of emotion, memory, and mental dysfunction (pp. 1-66). New York: Wiley-Liss.
Blackhart, G. C., Minnix, J. A., & Kline, J. P. (2006). Can EEG asymmetry patterns predict future development of anxiety and depression? A preliminary study. Biological Psychology, 72, 46-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2005.06.010
Bradley, M. M. (2009). Natural selective attention: Orienting and emotion. Psychophysiology, 46, 1-11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00702.x
Bradley, M. M., Codispoti, M., Cuthbert, B. N., & Lang, P. J. (2001). Emotion and Motivation I: Defensive and Appetitive Reactions in Picture Processing. Emotion, 1, 276-298. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1528-3542.1.3.276
Bradley, M. M., Lang, P. J., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1993). Emotion, novelty, and the startle reflex: habituation in humans. Behavioral Neuroscience, 107, 970-980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0735-7044.107.6.970
Bruder, G. E., Bansal, R., Tenke, C. E., Liu, J., Hao, X., Warner, V., et al. (2012). Relationship of resting EEG with anatomical MRI measures in individuals at high and low risk for depression. Human Brain Mapping, 33, 1325-1333.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.21284
Bruder, G. E., Fong, R., Tenke, C. E., Leite, P., Towey, J. P., Stewart, J. E., et al. (1997). Regional brain asymmetries in major depression with or without an anxiety disorder: a quantitative electroencephalographic study. Biological Psychiatry, 41, 939-948. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(96)00260-0
Chelazzi, L., Duncan, J., Miller, E. K., & Desimone, R. (1998). Responses of neurons in inferior temporal cortex during memory-guided visual search. Journal of Neurophysiology, 80, 2918-2940.
Codispoti, M., Ferrari, V., & Bradley, M. M. (2006). Repetitive picture processing: autonomic and cortical correlates. Brain Research, 1068, 213-220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2005.11.009
Critchley, H. D. (2002). Electrodermal responses: what happens in the brain. The Neuroscientist, 8, 132-142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107385840200800209
Cuthbert, B. N., Schupp, H. T., Bradley, M. M., Birbaumer, N., & Lang, P. J. (2000). Brain potentials in affective picture processing: covariation with autonomic arousal and affective report. Biological Psychology, 52, 95-111.http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0301-0511(99)00044-7
Driver, J., & Vuilleumier, P. (2001). Perceptual awareness and its loss in unilateral neglect and extinction. Cognition, 79, 39-88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00124-4
Forbes, E. E., Miller, A., Cohn, J. F., Fox, N. A., & Kovacs, M. (2005). Affect-modulated startle in adults with childhood-onset depression: relations to bipolar course and number of lifetime depressive episodes. Psychiatry Research, 134, 11-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2005.01.001
Gehricke, J., & Shapiro, D. (2000). Reduced facial expression and social context in major depression: discrepancies between facial muscle activity and self-reported emotion. Psychiatry Research, 95, 157-167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0165-1781(00)00168-2
Grandjean, D., Sander, D., Pourtois, G., Schwartz, S., Seghier, M. L., Scherer, K. R., et al. (2005). The voices of wrath: brain responses to angry prosody in meaningless speech. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 145-146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nn1392
Hajcak, G., Dunning, J. P., & Foti, D. (2009). Motivated and controlled attention to emotion: time-course of the late positive potential. Clinical Neurophysiology, 120, 505-510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clinph.2008.11.028
Heller, W., Etienne, M. A., & Miller, G. A. (1995). Patterns of perceptual asymmetry in depression and anxiety: implications for neuropsychological models of emotion and psychopathology. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 327-333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.104.2.327
Heller, W., & Nitschke, J. B. (1997). Regional brain activity in emotion: A framework for understanding cognition in depression. Cognition and Emotion, 11, 637-661. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/026999397379845a
Heller, W., Nitschke, J. B., & Lindsay, D. L. (1997). Neuropsychological Correlates of Arousal in Self-reported Emotion. Cognition and Emotion, 11, 383-402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/026999397379854
Heller, W., Nitschke, J. B., & Miller, G. A. (1998). Lateralization in Emotion and Emotional Disorders. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 7, 26-32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8721.ep11521823
Kanwisher, N., & Yovel, G. (2006). The fusiform face area: a cortical region specialized for the perception of faces. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 361, 2109-2128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2006.1934
Keil, A., Moratti, S., Sabatinelli, D., Bradley, M. M., & Lang, P. J. (2005). Additive effects of emotional content and spatial selective attention on electrocortical facilitation. Cerebral Cortex, 15, 1187-1197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhi001
Keil, A., Stolarova, M., Moratti, S., & Ray, W. J. (2007). Adaptation in human visual cortex as a mechanism for rapid discrimination of aversive stimuli. Neuroimage, 36, 472-479. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.02.048
Keller, J., Nitschke, J. B., Bhargava, T., Deldin, P. J., Gergen, J. A., Miller, G. A., et al. (2000). Neuropsychological differentiation of depression and anxiety. Journal Abnormal Psychology, 109, 3-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.109.1.3
Kentgen, L. M., Tenke, C. E., Pine, D. S., Fong, R., Klein, R. G., & Bruder, G. E. (2000). Electroencephalographic asymmetries in adolescents with major depression: influence of comorbidity with anxiety disorders. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 797-802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.109.4.797
Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (1997). Motivated Attention: Affect, Activation, and Action. In P. J. Lang, R. F. Simons & M. T. Balaban (Eds.), Attention and Orienting: Sensory and Motivational Processes (pp. 97-135). Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Lang, P. J., Bradley, M. M., & Cuthbert, B. N. (2005). International affective picture system (IAPS): Affective ratings of pictures and instruction manual. Technical Report A-6. Gainesville, FL: University of Florida.
Lang, P. J., & Davis, M. (2006). Chapter 1 Emotion motivation, and the brain: Reflex foundations in animal and human research. Progress in Brain Research, 156, 3-29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6123(06)56001-7
LeDoux, J. E. (1993). Emotional networks in the brain. In J. M. H. Michael Lewis (Ed.), Handbook of emotions (pp. 109-118), New York: Guilford Press.
LeDoux, J. E. (2000). Emotion circuits in the brain. Annual Review of Neuroscience, 23, 155-184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155
Levin, R. L., Heller, W., Mohanty, A., Herrington, J. D., & Miller, G. A. (2007). Cognitive deficits in depression and functional specificty of regional brain activity. In R. Atchley & S. Ilardi (Eds.), Cognitive Neuroscience Perspectives on Depression, Special Issue. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 31, 211-233.
MacNamara, A., & Hajcak, G. (2009). Anxiety and spatial attention moderate the electrocortical response to aversive pictures. Neuropsychologia, 47, 2975-2980. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.06.026
Meadows, M. E., & Kaplan, R. F. (1994). Dissociation of autonomic and subjective responses to emotional slides in right hemisphere damaged patients. Neuropsychologia, 32, 847-856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0028-3932(94)90022-1
Moratti, S., Clementz, B. A., Gao, Y., Ortiz, T., & Keil, A. (2007). Neural mechanisms of evoked oscillations: Stability and interaction with transient events. Human Brain Mapping, 28, 1318-1333. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20342
Moratti, S., & Keil, A. (2009). Not what you expect: experience but not expectancy predicts conditioned responses in human visual and supplementary cortex. Cerebral Cortex, 19, 2803-2809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cercor/bhp052
Moratti, S., Keil, A., & Stolarova, M. (2004). Motivated attention in emotional picture processing is reflected by activity modulation in cortical attention networks. Neuroimage, 21, 954-964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2003.10.030
Moratti, S., Rubio, G., Campo, P., Keil, A., & Ortiz, T. (2008). Hypofunction of right temporoparietal cortex during emotional arousal in depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65, 532-541. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archpsyc.65.5.532
Moratti, S., Saugar, C., & Strange, B. A. (2011). Prefrontal-occipitoparietal coupling underlies late latency human neuronal responses to emotion. Journal of Neuroscience, 31, 17278-17286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2917-11.2011
Morgan, S. T., Hansen, J. C., & Hillyard, S. A. (1996). Selective attention to stimulus location modulates the steady-state visual evoked potential. Proceeding of the National Academy of Science U S A, 93, 4770-4774. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.93.10.4770
Muller, M. M., Andersen, S., Trujillo, N. J., Valdes-Sosa, P., Malinowski, P., & Hillyard, S. A. (2006). Feature-selective attention enhances color signals in early visual areas of the human brain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science U S A, 103, 14250-14254. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0606668103
Müller, M. M., & Hillyard, S. (2000). Concurrent recording of steady-state and transient event-related potentials as indices of visual-spatial selective attention. Clinical Neurophysiology, 111, 1544-1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1388-2457(00)00371-0
Muller, M. M., & Hubner, R. (2002). Can the spotlight of attention be shaped like a doughnut? Evidence from steady-state visual evoked potentials. Psychologial Science, 13, 119-124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9280.00422
Oakes, T. R., Pizzagalli, D. A., Hendrick, A. M., Horras, K. A., Larson, C. L., Abercrombie, H. C., et al. (2004). Functional coupling of simultaneous electrical and metabolic activity in the human brain. Human Brain Mapping, 21, 257-270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.20004
Ohman, A., Carlsson, K., Lundqvist, D., & Ingvar, M. (2007). On the unconscious subcortical origin of human fear. Physiology & Behavior, 92, 180-185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.05.057
Öhman, A., Flykt, A., & Esteves, F. (2001). Emotion drives attention: detecting the snake in the grass. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 130, 466-478. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0096-3445.130.3.466
Peterson, B. S., Warner, V., Bansal, R., Zhu, H., Hao, X., Liu, J., et al. (2009). Cortical thinning in persons at increased familial risk for major depression. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science U S A, 106, 6273-6278. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0805311106
Schupp, H. T., Cuthbert, B. N., Bradley, M. M., Cacioppo, J. T., Ito, T., & Lang, P. J. (2000). Affective picture processing: the late positive potential is modulated by motivational relevance. Psychophysiology, 37, 257-261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1469-8986.3720257
Shi, C., & Davis, M. (2001). Visual pathways involved in fear conditioning measured with fear-potentiated startle: behavioral and anatomic studies. Journal of Neuroscience, 21, 9844-9855.
Shimoda, K., & Robinson, R. G. (1999). The relationship between poststroke depression and lesion location in long-term follow-up. Biological Psychiatry, 45, 187-192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-3223(98)00178-4
Slagter, H. A., Giesbrecht, B., Kok, A., Weissman, D. H., Kenemans, J. L., Woldorff, M. G., et al. 2017 fMRI evi-evidence for both generalized and specialized components of attentional control. Brain Research, 1177, 90-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2007.07.097
Sugase, Y., Yamane, S., Ueno, S., & Kawano, K. (1999). Global and fine information coded by single neurons in the temporal visual cortex. Nature, 400, 869-873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/23703
Venables, P. H., & Cristie, M. J. (1980). Electrodermal Activity. In I. Martin & P. H. Venables (Eds.), Techniques in Psychophysiology (pp. 4-67). New York: Wiley.
Vuilleumier, P., Armony, J. L., Driver, J., & Dolan, R. J. (2001). Effects of attention and emotion on face processing in the human brain: an event-related fMRI study. Neuron, 30, 829-841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(01)00328-2
Descargas
Publicado
Cómo citar
Número
Sección
Licencia
Todos los contenidos publicados en Escritos de Psicología están sujetos a la licencia Creative Commons Reconocimento-NoComercia-Compartirigual 4.0 cuyo texto completo puede consultar en <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0>
Se pueden copiar, usar, difundir, transmitir y exponer públicamente, siempre que:
- Se cite la autoría y la fuente original de su publicación (revista, editorial y URL de la obra).
- No se usen para fines comerciales.
- Se mencione la existencia y especificaciones de esta licencia de uso.
Los derechos de autor son de dos clases: morales y patrimoniales. Los derechos morales son prerrogativas perpetuas, irrenunciables, intransferibles, inalienables, inembargables e imprescriptibles. De acuerdo con la legislación de derechos de autor, Escritos de Psicología reconoce y respeta el derecho moral de los autores/as, así como la titularidad del derecho patrimonial. Los derechos patrimoniales, se refieren a los beneficios que se obtienen por el uso o divulgación de las obras. Escritos de Psicología se publica en open access y queda autorizada en exclusiva para realizar u autorizar por cualquier medio el uso, distribución, divulgación, reproducción, adaptación, traducción o transformación de la obra.
Es responsabilidad de los autores/as obtener los permisos necesarios de las imágenes que están sujetas a derechos de autor.
10.png)
ESCRITOS DE PSICOLOGÍA por 