Condicionamiento de preferencia de lugar: un modelo animal para evaluar las propiedades motivacionales de las drogas

Autores/as

  • Concepción Roger Sánchez Universitat de Valencia España
  • María Pilar García Pardo Universitat de Valencia España
  • María Asunción Aguilar Calpe Universitat de Valencia España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v9i2.13210

Palabras clave:

recompensa, refuerzo, condicionamiento, preferencia, CPL, aprendizaje

Resumen

En el presente trabajo mostramos la técnica del condicionamiento de preferencia de lugar (CPL) como un modelo útil en el estudio de las propiedades motivacionales de las drogas. Se presentan los antecedentes de la técnica y se discuten algunas cuestiones metodológicas que es necesario considerar para diseñar una investigación empleando el modelo de CPL, como los diferentes tipos de aparatos disponibles, las diferentes fases del protocolo y sus posibles variaciones, el tipo de diseño (sesgado vs. no sesgado) o la necesidad de considerar los efectos del tiempo. Posteriormente se discuten algunas cuestiones a tener en cuenta a la hora de interpretar los datos obtenidos, como qué es lo que aprende el animal, la presentación de la variable dependiente, la influencia de la novedad, el aprendizaje dependiente de estado, la inhibición latente, los efectos motores y cognitivos de las drogas o la comparación con los datos provenientes del modelo de la autoadministración de drogas. Se exponen las principales aplicaciones, ventajas y limitaciones de la técnica y se finaliza con algunas propuestas para superar las principales críticas que ha recibido este modelo.

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Publicado

2016-09-01

Cómo citar

Roger Sánchez, C., García Pardo, M. P., & Aguilar Calpe, M. A. (2016). Condicionamiento de preferencia de lugar: un modelo animal para evaluar las propiedades motivacionales de las drogas. Escritos De Psicología - Psychological Writings, 9(2), 53–62. https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v9i2.13210

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Sección

Metodología e instrumentación