Modificación de caracteres ligados a la domesticación en Cucurbita maxima. Utilización de la morfometría como herramienta para su identificación
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/abm.v40i0.2527Abstract
Español. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en reconocer patrones de variación morfométrica –mediante la aplicación de análisis multivariado para tamaño y formaen semillas de C. maxima que sean diagnósticos para formas domesticadas, silvestres e híbridas actuales, a fin de aplicarlos a la identificación de semillas arqueológicas. Para lograr este objetivo se midieron con calibre digital 1317 semillas de las formas antedichas y de nueve sitios arqueológicos de Argentina y Perú. Se exploró el patrón de variación entre las mismas en tamaño y forma mediante análisis multivariado. Se identificó una tendencia general hacia la disminución de la variabilidad en forma y tamaño a lo largo del tiempo, con una primera etapa donde se mantuvieron ejemplares híbridos, generándose nuevas formas y una segunda donde se mantuvieron los rasgos de momentos previos y el aumento del tamaño de las semillas.
English. The aim of this paper is to recognize patterns of morphometric variation –through the application of multivariate analysis for size and shape- in C. maxima seeds, which are diagnostic for current domesticated, wild and hybrid forms, in order to be applied to the identification of archaeological seeds. In order to achieve this aim, 1317 seeds were measured with digital caliber corresponding to the former forms and to nine archaeological sites from Argentina and Peru; patterns of variation among them were explored in both size and shape, employing multivariate analysis. A general trend in time towards diminution of variability in size and shape was identified with a first stage in which hybrid forms were maintained and new shapes were generated and a second stage in which features of previous moments were maintained and the size of the seeds were increased.
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