Efectos de la incorporación de realidad virtual en programas de prevención y rehabilitación de caídas

Álvaro Utrera Escalona; José López Aguilar; Jaime Rodríguez Guerrero

doi:10.24310/jpehm.7.1.2025.21997

Authors

Álvaro Utrera Escalona Spain
José López Aguilar Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Osuna, 41640 Osuna, Spain; Faculty of Sport Sciences, EADE-University of Wales, Trinity Saint David, 29018 Malaga, Spain Spain
Jaime Rodríguez Guerrero Faculty of Sport Sciences, EADE-University of Wales, Trinity Saint David, 29018 Málaga, Spain. Spain

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/jpehm.7.1.2025.21997

Keywords:

accidental falls, exergames, elderly, immersive technology

Abstract

Background: Population aging is an irreversible phenomenon that is increasing globally, leading to a rise in the population over 60 years of age. This increase presents challenges such as an elevated risk of falls, frailty, and dependency, directly impacting quality of life and public health systems. Objective: This study was to analyse literature regarding virtual reality and fall risk in older adults. Methodology: A search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL Complete, and SPORTDiscus, selecting articles published in the last five years, in English, with full-text access. Studies on virtual reality programs in older adults at risk of falls were included, prioritizing experimental designs with outcomes related to balance, functional mobility, physical function, and cognitive function. Results: Eight clinical trials were reviewed, which generally showed that virtual reality interventions improved performance in tests such as the Timed Up-and-Go, the Falls Efficacy Scale, and the Berg Balance Scale. Some studies also reported additional benefits in physical and cognitive function compared with traditional interventions. Conclusions: Virtual reality programs may contribute to reducing fall risk in the older population. VR interventions demonstrated significant improvements in balance, physical function, and cognitive function indicators compared to traditional interventions.

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References

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