Analyse phytosociologique des formations de matorral du massif des Be?ni-Snasse?ne (Maroc oriental)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/abm.v29i0.7218Abstract
RÉSUMÉ. Analyse phytosociologique des formations de matorral du massif des Béni-Snassène (Maroc oriental). L’étude consiste à définir les unités phytosociologiques dans lesquelles se rangent les formations de matorral des Béni-Snassène, à préciser leurs affinités floristiques avec les groupements qui leurs sont proches et leurs positions dans les séries dynamiques de la région et enfin à déterminer les conditions climatiques et édaphiques dans lesquelles elles se développent. La méthodologie d’approche utilisée pour cela est celle dite «phytosociologique» ou «sigmatiste». Celle-ci a permis l’individualisation de huit associations végétales dont chacune est examinée sur les plans floristique, biogéographique, écologique et dynamique. Ces associations sont rangées comme suit: Classe des Quercetea ilicis avec trois associations intégrées dans l’ordre des Pistacio-Rhamnetalia et l’alliance des Asparago-Rhamnion; Classe des Cisto-Lavanduletea avec une seule association appartenant à l’ordre des Halimietalia-riphaeo atlantici; Classe des Rosmarinetea avec quatre associations se rattachant à l’ordre des Cisto mauritanici-Thymetalia munbyani.
Mots clés. Matorral, phytosociologie, biogéographie, dynamique, Maroc, Béni-Snassène
SUMMARY. Phytosociological analysis of Béni-Snassène shrubland (Morocco oriental). The study consists in defining the phytosociological units in which one line up the formings of the Béni-Snassène matorral, to specify their floristiques affinities with the groupings which their are close and their positions in the dynamic series of the region and finally to determine the climatic conditions and edaphic in which they develop. The methodology of approach used for that is known «phytosociological» or «sigmatist». This one allowed the individualization of eight vegetable associations among which each is examined on the plans floristique, biogeographic, ecological and dynamic. These associations are arranged as follows: Classe of Quercetea ilicis with three associations integrated into the order of Pistacio-Rhamnetalia and the alliance of Asparago-Rhamnion; Classe of the Cisto-Lavanduletea with a single association belonging to the order of Halimietalia-riphaeo atlantici; Classe of the Rosmarinetea with four associations being attached to the order of Cisto mauritanici-Thymetalia munbyani.
Key words. Shrubland, phytosociology, biogeography, dynamic, Morocco, Béni-Snassène
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