Antimicrobial activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of medicinally used tree ferns Alsophila cuspidata and Cyathea microdonta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/abm.v42i1.2885Abstract
Medicinal plants are important components of traditional medicine and sources of novel antimicrobial compounds against drug resistance pathogen strains. This study tested the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of medicinally used Neotropical tree ferns Cyathea microdonta and Alsophila cuspidata against gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Highest antimicrobial activity was observed in ethanolic extracts, and extracts were more active against gram positive bacteria than gram negative bacteria. No difference was observed in antimicrobial activity between species or between extracts made from the leaves, stipe, or caudex. These results suggest that the traditional use of tree fern mucilage as a topical agent for cuts and leishmaniasis lesions may reduce risk of secondary infection with skin bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, and that Neotropical Cyatheaceae are a potential source of novel antimicrobial compounds.
Downloads
Metrics
References
Ahmad, I., Mehmood, Z. & Mohammad, F. (1998). Screening of some Indian medicinal plants for their antimicrobial properties. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 6(2), 183-193.
Bauer, A.W., Kirby, W.M., Sherris, J.C., & Turck, (1966). Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology 45(4), 493-496.
Bjarnsholt, T., Jensen, P.O., Rasmussen, T.B., Christophersen, L., Calum, H., Hentzer, M., Hougen, H.P., Rygaard, J., Moser, C., Eberl, L., Hoiby, N., & Givskov, M. (2005). Garlic blocks quorum sensing and promotes rapid clearing of pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. Microbiology. 151(12), 3873-3880
Chiller, K., Selkin, B., & Murakawa, G.J. (2001). Skin Microflora and Bacterial Infections of the Skin. Journal of Investigative Dermatology Symposium Proceedings. 6(3), 170–174.
Cowan, M.M. (1999). Plant products as antimicrobial agents. Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 12(4), 564-582 Dimayuga, R.E., & Garcia, S.K. (1991. Antimicrobial screening of medicinal plants from Baja California Sur. Mexico. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 31(2), 181-192.
González-Lamothe, R., Mitchell, G., Gattuso, M., Diarra, M.S., Malouin, F., & Bouarab, K. (2009). Plant antimicrobial agents and their effects on plant and human pathogens. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 10(8), 3400-3419.
Eloff, J.N. (1998). Which extractant should be used for the screening and isolation of antimicrobial components from plants? Journal of Ethnopharmacology 60(1), 1-8.
Gurib-Fakin, A. (2009). Medicinal plants: Traditions of yesterday and drugs of tomorrow. Molecular Aspects of Medicine. 27 (2006), 1-93.
Hammer, Ø. & Harper, D.A.T. (2006). Paleontological Data Analysis. Blackwell.
Johnson, M., P., Raja, D., Irudayaraj, V., & Janakiraman. (2012). Antimicrobial efficacy of selected ferns of Western Ghats, South India. International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research. 4(2), 58-60.
Lai, H.Y., Lim, Y.Y., & Tan, S.P. (2009). Antioxidative, tyrosinase inhibiting and antibacterial activities of leaf extracts from medicinal ferns. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry. 73(6), 1362-1366.
Madhu Kiran, P. (2011). In vitro evaluation for free radical scavenging activity of methanolic leaf extract of Cyathea gigantea (Wall. Ex. Hook). International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 3(2), 95-96.
Madhu Kiran, P., & Ganga Rao, B. (2011). Anti- inflammatory activity of methanolic leaf extract of Cyathea gigantea. (Wall. Ex. Hook.). International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development. 3(3), 3-9.
Madhu Kiran, P., Vijaya Raju, A., & Ganga Rao, B. (2012). Investigation of hepatoprotective activity of Cyathea gigantea (Wall. Ex. Hook.) leaves against paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 2(5), 352-356.
Maitland, H.B., & Martyn, G. (1948). A selective medium for isolation of gram positive bacteria based on the differential inhibiting effects of increased concentrations of sodium chloride. Journal of Pathological Bacteriology. 60(4), 553-561.
Nostro, A., Germano, M.P., D’Angelo, V., Marino, A., & Cannatelli, M.A. (2000). Extraction methods and bioautography for evaluation of medicinal plant antimicrobial activity. Letters in Applied Microbiology. 30(5), 379-384.
Potter, M.E., Chapman, W.L. JR., Hanson, W.L., & Blue, J.L. (1983). Leishmania braziliensis: effects of bacteria (gram positive bacteria and Pasteurella multocida) on the developing cutaneous leishmaniasis lesion in the golden hamster. Experimental Parasitology. 56(1), 107-118.
Soares, D.C., Andrade, A.L.S., Delorenzi, J.C., Silva, J.R.A., Freire-de-Lima, L., Falcao, C.A.B., Pinto, A.C., Rossi-Bergmann, B., & Saraiva, E.M. (2010). Leishmanicidal activity of Himatanthus sucuuba latex against Leishmania amazonensis. Parasitology International. 59(2), 173-177.
Talukdar, A.D., Choudhury, M.D., Chakraborty, M., & Dutty, B.K. (2010). Phytochemical screening and TLC profiling of plant extracts of Cyathea gigantea (Wall. Ex. Hook.) Haltt. and Cyathea brunoniana. Wall. Ex. Hook. (Cl. & Bak.). Assam University Journal of Science & Technology. 5(1), 70-74.
Zakaria, Z., Sreenivasan, S., & Mohamad, M. (2007). Antimicrobial activity of Piper ribesoides root extract against gram positive bacteria. Journal of Applied Biological Sciences. 1(3), 87-90.
Ziaie, H., & Sadeghian, G. (2008). Isolation of bacteria causing secondary bacterial infection in the lesions of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Indian Journal of Dermatology. 53(3),129-131.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Those authors who publish in this journal accept the following terms:
a. The authors will retain their copyrights and guarantee the journal the right of first publication of their work, which will be simultaneously subject to the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-commercial 4.0 license whose full text can be found at <http: // creative commons .org / licenses / by-nc / 4.0> that allows third parties to share the work as long as its author and its first publication are indicated, and as long as it is not for commercial purposes.
b. Authors may adopt other non-exclusive licensing agreements for the distribution of the version of the published paper (e.g., deposit it in an institutional telematic file or publish it in a monographic volume) provided that the initial publication in this journal be indicated.
c. Authors are allowed and recommended to disseminate their work through the Internet (e.g., in institutional telematic archives or on their websites) before and during the submission process, which can produce interesting exchanges and increase citations of the published work. (See The effect of open access)
1.png)
