Análise quali-quantitativa das algas arribadas do norte do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of arribadas algae North of Bahia State, Brazil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24310/abm.v38i0.2647Abstract
Português. O fenômeno conhecido como arribada resulta, principalmente, da turbulência do mar, provocada pela ação das correntes, ventos e marés, que arrancam as algas de seus substratos trazendo-as até a praia. Apesar de serem frequentemente incineradas ou enterradas, estudos verificaram que a retirada desta biomassa arribada é considerada prejudicial, em alguns casos, demonstrando que estudos quali-quantitativos acerca de sua diversidade são imprescindíveis para preservar este recurso e estabelecer parâmetros exploratórios. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo determinar a composição específica e a biomassa das algas arribadas ocorrentes em quatro praias do litoral norte do Estado da Bahia, Brasil. As praias foram visitadas bimensalmente durante as marés baixas de sizígia com o intuito de verificar o fenômeno das arribadas. O material coletado foi encaminhado ao laboratório para posterior identificação e mensuração da biomassa. Foram identificados, 123 táxons específicos distribuídos em 58 gêneros das três divisões: 68 Rhodophyta, 28 Heterokontophyta e 27 Chlorophyta. Os gêneros mais representativos foram Gracilaria (Rhodophyta), com 11 espécies, seguido de Dictyopteris (Heterokontophyta) e Sargassum (Heterokontophyta), com 6 espécies cada. A maioria dos táxons foram pertencentes ao grupo funcional macrófita corticada. A biomassa média das algas arribadas (peso seco), correspondeu a um total de 2269,7 g/m2 em 2007, na praia de Itapuã e 2.269,7 g/m² na praia da Pituba no ano de 2010. O gênero Ulva foi o de biomassa mais expressiva em todas as praias, correspondendo a 100% e 97% do total das arribadas nas praias de Itapoã (2007) e Pituba (2010), respectivamente.
English. The phenomenon known as arribada results mainly from the turbulence of the sea, caused by the action of currents, winds and tides, plucking algae from their substrates bringing them to the beach. Although they are often incinerated or buried, studies found that the removal of this biomass is considered harmful, in some cases, demonstrating that qualitative and quantitative studies about diversity are essential to preserve this resource exploration and establish parameters. This study aims to determine the species composition and biomass of arribadas occurring in four beaches of the north coast of the State of Bahia, Brazil. The beaches were visited bimonthly during spring low tides in order to verify the phenomenon of arribada. The collected material was sent to the laboratory for further identification and measurement of biomass. Were identified, 123 species distributed in 58 genera of three divisions: 68 Rhodophyta, 28 Chlorophyta and 27 Heterokontophyta. The most representative were Gracilaria (Rhodophyta), with 11 species, followed by Dictyopteris (Heterokontophyta) and Sargassum (Heterokontophyta), with six species each. Most taxa were belonging to morphotype macrophyte corticated. The average biomass of arribada (dry weight), corresponding to a total of 5765 g/m2 in 2007, the beach Itapuã and 2269.7 g/m² on the beach Pituba in 2010. The genus Ulva biomass was the most significant in all the beaches, corresponding to 100% and 97% of the beaches of Arribadas Itapoã (2007) and Pituba (2010), respectively.
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