Los microRNA en los humanos: ¿qué son y cómo intervienen en nuestra salud?

Autores/as

  • Oliver Cuevas Corral España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/enbio.v14i178.17049

Palabras clave:

miRNA, enfermedades, terapia genética, diagnóstico

Resumen

Los microRNA (miRNA) son secuencias cortas de RNA, de unos 22 nucleótidos, implicadas en la regulación de la expresión génica mediante su unión a RNA mensajeros por complementariedad de bases. Por lo general, ejercen su función silenciando la expresión de genes diana al impedir la traducción de los mensajeros o promoviendo su degradación. Tienen un papel fundamental en nuestra salud y ciertos desequilibrios en los niveles de expresión de miRNA pueden dar lugar a enfermedades relacionadas con la expresión anómala de genes, como el cáncer, las enfermedades neurológicas o ciertos desórdenes autoinmunes. Por ello, la elaboración de perfiles de miRNA permite diagnosticar estas enfermedades y puede que en un futuro se desarrollen terapias génicas basadas en miRNA destinadas a tratar diversas enfermedades de origen genético.

Descargas

Métricas

Visualizaciones del PDF
2,229
Jun 22 '23Jun 25 '23Jun 28 '23Jul 01 '23Jul 04 '23Jul 07 '23Jul 10 '23Jul 13 '23Jul 16 '23Jul 19 '232.0
|

Citas

Greber, B. J. y Nogales, E. The Structures of Eukaryotic Transcription Pre-initiation Complexes and Their Functional Implications. Subcellular Biochemistry (Vol. 93, pp.143–192), 2019.

Wu, J. y otros. Ribogenomics: The Science and Knowledge of RNA. Genomics, Proteomics and Bioinformatics, 12(2), 57–63, 2014.

Li, C. y Chen, Y. Small and Long Non-Coding RNAs: Novel Targets in Perspective Cancer Therapy. Current Genomics, 16(5), 2015.

Lu TX y Rothenberg ME. MicroRNA. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 141(4):1202-1207, 2018.

Matsuyama, H. y Suzuki, H. I. Systems and synthetic microRNA biology: From biogenesis to disease pathogenesis. International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Vol. 21, Issue 1), 2020.

Wang, J. y otros. Plant microRNAs: Biogenesis, homeostasis, and degradation. Frontiers in Plant Science (Vol. 10), 2019.

Hussain, M. U. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs): Genomic organisation, biogenesis and mode of action. Cell and Tissue Research (Vol. 349, Issue 2), 2012.

Catalanotto, C. y otros. MicroRNA in control of gene expression: An overview of nuclear functions. International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Vol. 17, Issue 10), 2016.

Shu, J. y otros. Dynamic and modularized MicroRNA regulation and its implication in human cancers. Scientific Reports, 7(1), 2017.

Kozomara, A. y Griffiths-Jones S. miRBase: annotating high confidence microRNAs using deep sequencing data. Nucleic Acids Research, 42, 2013.

Gebert, L. F. R. y MacRae, I. J. Regulation of microRNA function in animals. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (Vol. 20, Issue 1), 2019.

O’Brien, J. y otros. Overview of microRNA biogenesis, mechanisms of actions, and circulation. Frontiers in Endocrinology (Vol. 9, Issue AUG), 2018.

Lai, X. y Vera, J.. MicroRNA Clusters. Encyclopedia of Systems Biology (pp. 1310–1314), 2013.

Adams, L. Non-coding RNA: Pri-miRNA processing: Structure is key. Nature Reviews Genetics (Vol. 18, Issue 3), 2017.

Kwon, S. C. y otros. Structure of Human DROSHA. Cell, 164(1–2), 81–90, 2016.

Miyoshi, K. y otros. Characterization of the miRNA-RISC loading complex and miRNA-RISC formed in the Drosophila miRNA pathway. RNA, 15(7), 1282–1291, 2009.

Fabian, M. R. y Sonenberg, N. The mechanics of miRNAmediated gene silencing: A look under the hood of miRISC. Nature Structural and Molecular Biology (Vol. 19, Issue 6, pp. 586–593), 2012.

Abdelfattah, A. M. y otros. Update on non-canonical microRNAs. Biomolecular Concepts (Vol. 5, Issue 4, pp. 275–287),2014.

Stavast, C. J. y Erkeland, S. J. The Non-Canonical Aspects of MicroRNAs: Many Roads to Gene Regulation. Cells (Vol. 8, Issue 11), 2019.

Da Fonseca, B. H. R. y otros. MirtronDB: A mirtron knowledge base. Bioinformatics, 35(19), 3873–3874, 2019.

Tsujiuchi, T. y otros. RNA Interference Therapeutics for Tumor Therapy: Promising Work in Progress. Gene Therapy of Cancer: Translational Approaches from Preclinical Studies to Clinical Implementation: Third Edition (pp. 393–408), 2013.

Jo, M. H. y otros. Human Argonaute 2 Has Diverse Reaction Pathways on Target RNAs. Molecular Cell, 59(1), 2015.

Gagnon, K. T. y otros. RNAi factors are present and active in human cell nuclei. Cell Reports, 6(1), 211–221, 2014.

Kucherenko, M. M. y Shcherbata, H. R. miRNA targeting and alternative splicing in the stress response - Events hosted by membrane-less compartments. Journal of Cell Science (Vol. 131, Issue 4), 2018.

Liang, H. y otros. Nuclear microRNAs and their unconventional role in regulating non-coding RNAs. Protein and Cell (Vol. 4, Issue 5), 2013.

Huang, Y. The novel regulatory role of lncRNA-miRNAmRNA axis in cardiovascular diseases. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine (Vol. 22, Issue 12, pp. 5768–5775), 2018.

Braconi, C. y otros. MicroRNA-29 can regulate expression of the long non-coding RNA gene MEG3 in hepatoce

Glinge, C. y otros. Stability of circulating blood-based microRNAs-Pre-Analytic methodological considerations. PLoS ONE, 12(2), 2017.

Boix, E. y otros. Editorial: Role of Ribonucleases in Immune Response Regulation During Infection and Cancer. Frontiers in Immunology (Vol. 11), 2020.

Cui, M. y otros. Circulating MicroRNAs in Cancer: Potential and Challenge. Frontiers in Genetics, 10, 2019.

Montani, F. y Bianchi, F. Circulating Cancer Biomarkers: The Macro-revolution of the Micro-RNA. EBioMedicine (Vol. 5), 2016.

Zhu, J. J. y otros. VAMP3 and SNAP23 mediate the disturbed flow-induced endothelial microRNA secretion and smooth muscle hyperplasia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 114(31), 2017.

Tian, T. y otros. Exosome uptake through clathrin-mediated endocytosis and macropinocytosis and mediating miR-21 delivery. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 289(32), 2014.

Truesdell, S. S. y otros. MicroRNA-mediated mRNA translation activation in quiescent cells and oocytes involves recruitment of a nuclear microRNP. Scientific Reports, 2, 2012.

Chen, B. y otros. Roles of microRNA on cancer cell metabolism. Journal of Translational Medicine (Vol. 10, Issue 1), 2012.

Costa, C. y otros. MicroRNAs alteration as early biomarkers for cancer and neurodegenerative diseases: New challenges in pesticides exposure. Toxicology Reports, 7, 759–767, 2020.

Syeda, Z. A. y otros. Regulatory mechanism of microrna expression in cancer. International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Vol. 21, Issue 5), 2020.

Tiwari, A. y otros. MicroRNA Key to Angiogenesis Regulation: MiRNA Biology and Therapy. Current Cancer Drug Targets, 18(3), 266–277, 2017.

Fan, Y., Ji, Y. y otros. Relationship of miRNA-146a to systemic lupus erythematosus: A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis. Medicine, 99(40), e22444, 2020.

Fan, W. y otros. MicroRNA-146a Is a Wide-Reaching Neuroinflammatory Regulator and Potential Treatment Target in Neurological Diseases. Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience (Vol. 13), 2020.

Mahesh, G. y Biswas, R. MicroRNA-155: A Master Regulator of Inflammation. Journal of Interferon and Cytokine Research (Vol. 39, Issue 6, pp. 321–330), 2019.

Javidan, A. y otros. miR-146a Deficiency Accelerates Hepatic Inflammation Without Influencing Diet-induced Obesity in Mice. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 2019.

Maciak, K. y otros. Mir-155 as an important regulator of multiple sclerosis pathogenesis. A review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Vol. 22, Issue 9), 2021.

Schmitt, M. J. y otros. MiRNA-29: A microRNA Family with Tumor-Suppressing and Immune-Modulating Properties. Current Molecular Medicine, 13(4), 572–585, 2013.

Wang, Z. y otros. Inhibition of miRNA-27b enhances neurogenesis via AMPK activation in a mouse ischemic stroke model. FEBS Open Bio, 9(5), 859–869, 2019.

Srivastav, S. y otros. Emerging role of miRNA in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a systematic review. ADHD Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorders (Vol. 10, Issue 1, pp. 49–63), 2018.

Pan, C. T. y otros. MiRSeq: A user-friendly standalone toolkit for sequencing quality evaluation and miRNA profiling. BioMed Research International, 2014.

Kozomara, A. y otros. MiRBase: From microRNA sequences to function. Nucleic Acids Research, 47(D1), D155–D162, 2019.

Pereira-da-Silva, T. y otros. Circulating microRNA profiles in different arterial territories of stable atherosclerotic disease: a systematic review. American Journal of Cardiovascular Disease, 8(1), 2018.

Hanna, J. y otros. The potential for microRNA therapeutics and clinical research. Frontiers in Genetics (Vol. 10, Issue MAY), 2019.

Yang, J. Patisiran for the treatment of hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis. Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, 12(2), 95–99, 2019.

Momen-Heravi, F. y Bala, S. The miRNA and Extracellular Vesicles in Alcoholic Liver Disease. Molecular Aspects of Alcohol and Nutrition: A Volume in the Molecular Nutrition Series (pp. 275–286), 2016.

Bonneau, E. y otros. How close are miRNAs from clinical practice? A perspective on the diagnostic and therapeutic market. Electronic Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (Vol. 30, Issue 2), 2019.

Chakraborty, C. y otros. Therapeutic advances of miRNAs: A preclinical and clinical update. Journal of Advanced Research (Vol. 28, pp. 127–138), 2021.

Ramaiah, M. J. Functions and epigenetic aspects of miR15/16: Possible future cancer therapeutics. Gene Reports (Vol. 12, pp. 149–164), 2018

Descargas

Publicado

2023-06-22

Cómo citar

Cuevas Corral , O. (2023). Los microRNA en los humanos: ¿qué son y cómo intervienen en nuestra salud?. Encuentros En La Biología, 14(178), 23–30. https://doi.org/10.24310/enbio.v14i178.17049

Número

Sección

Artículos