About tofets

Authors

  • Josefa Gasull

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/BAETICA.1995.v0i17.622

Abstract

Although the interest of Phoenician culture in children´s sacrifices is not new, it seems to strenghthen with the finding of the “tofet” of Carthage in 1922. Inmediately after it, a search starts for any type of information which justifies the presence of such a peculiar necrópolis. This is still an ongoing search, since there are many aspects to resolve.

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References

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Published

2015-06-09

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Section

Histórico

How to Cite

About tofets. (2015). BAETICA. Estudios De Historia Moderna Y Contemporánea, 17. https://doi.org/10.24310/BAETICA.1995.v0i17.622