Evaluación in vivo de la estabilidad de hombro durante push-ups usando plataformas de fuerza en adultos sanos

Autores/as

  • Laura Ramírez-Pérez Department of Physiotherapy, University of Málaga, The Institute of Biomedical Research in Málaga (IBIMA), Clinimetric Group FE-14, Málaga, Spain. España https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9852-6053
  • Antonio Ignacio Cuesta-Vargas Physiotherapy Department, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/riccafd.14.3.2025.22268

Palabras clave:

estabilidad, hombro, plataformas de fuerza, push-up, in vivo
Agencias: Ministerio de Universidades España, Universidad de Málaga

Resumen

Objetivo: El principal objetivo fue describir la fuerza y los parámetros cinéticos del hombro durante diferentes variantes de push-up, así como determinar si una herramienta de uso extendido en la evaluación del miembro inferior en las ciencias del deporte, como son las plataformas de fuerza, podría ser válida para el análisis de la estabilidad de hombro.

 

Métodos: Treinta y seis adultos sanos activos fueron reclutados para este estudio transversal para llevar a cabo tres variantes de push-up en plataformas de fuerza así como dos pruebas de fuerza centradas en el deltoides medio y el pectoral mayor usando un dinamómetro manual. El estudio se centró en las siguientes variables de resultado: pico máximo de fuerza, tiempo al pico de fuerza, tasa de desarrollo de fuerza, fuerza vertical ejercida en las plataformas de fuerza, y desplazamiento del centro de presiones en los ejes lateral y anteroposterior.

 

Resultados: Los resultados mostraron una correlación de moderada a muy fuerte entre la fuerza de reacción del suelo y la estabilidad en el eje anteroposterior (R = 0.450 – 0.989, p < 0.05), permitiendo establecer modelos de regresión lineal para estimar la estabilidad usando esta variable. Sin embargo, la relación de la fuerza de reacción del suelo con el desplazamiento en el eje lateral no fue estadísticamente significativa (p > 0.05). En cuanto a las características dinamométricas, la fuerza del deltoides mostró una correlación directa con la fuerza de reacción del suelo (R = 0.365 – 0.770, p < 0.001), convirtiéndolo en un músculo clave en el manejo de la inestabilidad de hombro. Estas correlaciones permitieron establecer modelos de regresión predictivos estadísticamente significativos (p > 0.001).

 

Conclusiones: Las plataformas de fuerza han demostrado ser una herramienta válida en la evaluación de hombro. Sin embargo, se necesita más investigación para determinar si estos parámetros pueden estar relacionados con la estabilidad glenohumeral.

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Publicado

31-12-2025

Cómo citar

Ramírez-Pérez, L., & Cuesta-Vargas, A. I. (2025). Evaluación in vivo de la estabilidad de hombro durante push-ups usando plataformas de fuerza en adultos sanos. Revista Iberoamericana De Ciencias De La Actividad Física Y El Deporte, 14(3), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.24310/riccafd.14.3.2025.22268

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