Razonamiento contrafáctico, responsabilidad y culpa de la violencia contra las mujeres en la pareja: educación y medios de comunicación como factores preventivos

Susana Segura

doi:10.24310/espsiescpsi.v5i3.13305

Autores/as

Susana Segura Departamento de Psicología Básica. Facultad de Psicología. Universidad de Málaga España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v5i3.13305

Palabras clave:

Violencia contra las Mujeres, Educación, Medios de Comunicación, Razonamiento Contrafáctico, Responsabilidad, Culpa

Resumen

Esta investigación evalúa la percepción de las muertes por violencia contra las mujeres en la pareja. Se describen dos experimentos que analizan los efectos de la controlabilidad y la perspectiva en la causalidad percibida de estos sucesos medida a través del razonamiento contrafáctico sobre el pasado y sobre el futuro así como de las atribuciones de responsabilidad y culpa, evaluando los efectos de la empatía con una víctima en el segundo experimento. Las adscripciones de las respuestas de los participantes se centraron en factores controlables que fueron clasificados en cuatro categorías: el agresor, la víctima, las autoridades formales y la educación y los medios de comunicación. Los resultados muestran que los razonamientos contrafácticos dependen de la empatía, mientras que las atribuciones dependen de la empatía y la perspectiva. Estos resultados evidencian asociaciones entre estos procesos cognitivos, establecen factores de prevención sobre estos sucesos y permiten delimitar implicaciones específicas de este estudio para la educación y los medios de comunicación.

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